Policy trigger identification: university bans mobile phone use inside colleges and teachers lodge a joint petition about ringtones disturbing classes — decide which statement caused the other

Given data

• I: University instructed colleges to ban phones inside premises.
• II: Majority of teachers signed a joint petition complaining about ringtone disturbances in classrooms.

Concept/Approach

Complaints typically precede regulatory action. The petition (II) is the impetus; the ban (I) is the response.

Step-by-step reasoning
1) Classroom disturbance complaint (II) → policy deliberation.2) Policy output: ban instruction (I).

Verification/Alternative

If I had occurred first, II would likely protest the ban, not complain about ringtones.

Common pitfalls

• Confusing the order of events: petitions generally aim to create a rule, not follow it.

Final Answer
Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect.