Option D is correct because synchronizing the code that actually does the increase will protect the code from being accessed by more than one thread at a time.
Option A is incorrect because synchronizing the run() method would stop other threads from running the run() method (a bad idea) but still would not prevent other threads with other runnables from accessing the increase() method.
Option B is incorrect for virtually the same reason as A—synchronizing the code that calls the increase() method does not prevent other code from calling the increase() method.