Java operators — which two expressions are equivalent for the integer value 16? Candidates: 1) 164 2) 16>>2 3) 16/2^2 4) 16>>>2 Assume 32-bit signed ints and Java operator precedence.

Introduction / Context:
This question reinforces the difference between arithmetic, shift, and bitwise XOR operators in Java, and highlights that ^ is XOR, not exponentiation. It asks which proposed expressions evaluate to the same result when applied to the integer 16.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• All operations are on ints.
• >> is arithmetic right shift; >>> is logical right shift.
• ^ performs bitwise XOR, not power.

Concept / Approach:
Right-shifting 16 by 2 gives 16 / 2^2 in the power sense, but since ^ is XOR, writing 16/2^2 is actually (16/2) ^ 2 by precedence, and since 2 ^ 2 == 0, the expression 16/0 is a constant-expression division by zero which is illegal at compile time. Meanwhile, 16 >> 2 and 16 >>> 2 both yield 4 for a nonnegative integer.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Evaluating on a REPL confirms both right-shift variants produce 4 for nonnegative inputs. For negative values, >> and >>> differ.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Pairs involving 1 do not match 4.
• Pairs involving 3 use an invalid expression; equivalence cannot hold.

Common Pitfalls:
Misreading ^ as exponent; in Java, there is no exponent operator—use Math.pow for powers.

Final Answer:
2 and 4