Does an entity’s identifier determine the “type” of relationship it has, or does the identifier simply provide uniqueness while relationship type is governed by business rules and cardinality?

Introduction / Context:
An identifier uniquely distinguishes entity instances. It does not decide whether a relationship is 1:1, 1:N, or N:M. Relationship type depends on business semantics and constraints expressed as cardinality and optionality, not on how we uniquely label instances.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Identifiers exist to ensure each entity instance is uniquely referenceable.
• Relationships reflect how instances of entities are associated in the domain.
• Keys (surrogate or natural) are implementation choices for uniqueness.

Concept / Approach:
Decide relationship types by analyzing rules (e.g., “each Order must belong to one Customer” implies 1 on the Order side to Customer). The identifier does not change that determination. Whether the Customer identifier is CustomerNumber or a surrogate CustomerID is irrelevant to cardinality.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Gather business rules that dictate participation counts. Set cardinalities accordingly (max/min). Choose identifiers to uniquely tag instances; keep this separate from relationship analysis.

Verification / Alternative check:
Switch a natural key to a surrogate key in a model; the relationship types do not change, confirming independence from identifiers.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Claiming identifiers determine relationship type confuses uniqueness with association semantics. Weak-entity or surrogate-key scenarios still do not make identifiers dictate cardinality.

Common Pitfalls:
Letting technical key choices drive conceptual modeling; mixing normalization/key strategy with relationship semantics.

Final Answer:
Incorrect