Select the related word from the given alternatives: Ice : Cold :: Steam : ?

Introduction / Context:
This analogy focuses on the relationship between a substance and a typical property associated with its state. Ice and Cold are closely linked, and you must find the corresponding word related to Steam. These questions check basic science understanding and the ability to recognize characteristic properties.

Given Data / Assumptions:
- Ice is the solid form of water and is associated with low temperature, that is, coldness.
- Steam is the gaseous form of water produced at high temperatures.
- The first pair can be read as "substance or state : characteristic temperature condition."
- The correct answer will express a similar characteristic for Steam as Cold does for Ice.

Concept / Approach:
Ice : Cold expresses that ice is typically cold. Steam is produced when water is heated, usually at or above its boiling point, so the characteristic temperature condition is high temperature, usually described in simple vocabulary as hot. The correct choice will be the everyday description of how steam feels in terms of temperature, not the scientific classification of its physical state.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Interpret the first pair. Ice is always associated with low temperature and gives a sensation of coldness. Step 2: Recognize the pattern: "physical form of water : usual temperature description." Step 3: Consider steam. It is water vapor that comes from boiling or very hot water and can cause burns due to high temperature. Step 4: Look at the options. Gas is the physical state of steam, but this does not mirror the temperature based relationship used in the first pair. Water is the generic substance, and Engine describes a mechanical device. Step 5: Hot is directly associated with high temperature. Steam is felt as hot in everyday experience. Step 6: Therefore, Steam : Hot is parallel to Ice : Cold.

Verification / Alternative check:
Check each option in the same pattern. If we write "Ice : Cold :: Steam : Gas," the second pair shifts from a property (cold) to a state of matter (gas), breaking the analogy. "Steam : Water" links the state to the base substance, not to a temperature property, and "Steam : Engine" does not make sense as a property description. Only "Steam : Hot" gives a direct temperature related property, matching the pattern.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Option A "Gas" states the physical state of steam, but the first pair uses a temperature property, not a state of matter.
Option C "Water" gives the underlying substance but again does not mirror the way Cold describes Ice.
Option D "Engine" is unrelated, although some engines may use steam; it is not a property of steam itself.

Common Pitfalls:
Students may overthink and select Gas because steam is indeed a gas. However, reasoning questions usually keep the type of relationship consistent within both pairs. Focusing on similar property types (temperature in this case) is a reliable strategy for verbal analogies.

Final Answer:
The correct related word is Hot.