Most commercial antifreeze solutions used in automobile radiators are dangerous if swallowed because of which hazardous component present in them?

Introduction / Context:
This question concerns basic knowledge of antifreeze solutions used in vehicle cooling systems. These liquids prevent freezing and overheating but can be very dangerous if ingested by humans or animals. Understanding which chemical in antifreeze is hazardous is important in both general science and public safety awareness.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The question asks about the hazardous component in most commercial antifreeze.
• Options mention ethane alcohol, ethylene glycol, ethylene, ethene, and propane.
• We assume typical automotive antifreeze formulations.

Concept / Approach:
Ethylene glycol is a common base ingredient in antifreeze. It has suitable physical properties such as low freezing point and high boiling point. Unfortunately, it is highly toxic if swallowed and has a sweet taste, which can attract children and animals. Ethane alcohol, simple ethylene, ethene, and propane are not the primary components of standard antifreeze formulations. Therefore, ethylene glycol is the hazardous component referred to here.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Product safety labels on antifreeze containers often highlight ethylene glycol as the active ingredient and warn about toxicity. Medical and toxicology references describe ethylene glycol poisoning as a serious emergency. Newer formulations sometimes use propylene glycol as a less toxic alternative, but the question refers to the most common traditional component, ethylene glycol. This confirms that option B is correct.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Ethane alcohol: This is not a standard term used in antifreeze formulations.
• Ethylene: A gaseous hydrocarbon, not used as the main liquid component in radiator antifreeze.
• Ethene: Another name for ethylene, again not the main liquid antifreeze component.
• Propane: A gas used as a fuel, not as a radiator coolant.

Common Pitfalls:
Some students may confuse similar sounding names like ethylene, ethanol, and ethylene glycol. It is important to remember that glycol indicates a diol structure, which gives the appropriate physical properties for antifreeze and also introduces toxicity. Being precise about chemical names helps in avoiding mistakes in both exams and real life situations involving chemical safety.

Final Answer:
The hazardous component in most antifreeze solutions is Ethylene glycol.