Grinding aids (surface-active additives) are primarily employed in which grinding mode to improve flowability, reduce agglomeration, and enhance mill throughput?

Introduction / Context:
Grinding aids reduce surface energy effects that cause powder agglomeration, especially in dry circuits where moisture is insufficient to disperse fines.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Additives are low-dosage organic agents.
• Target is to improve mill efficiency and transport.

Concept / Approach:
In dry grinding, sticky fine particles can coat media and liners, increasing circulating loads. Grinding aids adsorb on particle surfaces, lowering adhesion and improving flow, which raises throughput and reduces power per ton.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify agglomeration issues in dry circuits.Apply grinding aids to mitigate coating and improve classification.Select “dry grinding.”

Verification / Alternative check:
Cement plants widely use amine- or glycol-based aids in dry finish mills, confirming the practice.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Wet grinding: slurry already disperses fines; aids less critical.Ultrafine/intermediate: not modes; aids relate to dryness, not fineness alone.

Common Pitfalls:
Assuming aids are only for ultrafines; they are standard in many dry circuits.

Final Answer:
Dry grinding