After the decline of the Chalukya kingdom of Kalyani at the close of the 12th and of the chola kingdom at the begining of the 13th century, the new kingdom which arose in South India were

• Yadavas of Devagiri and Kakatiyas of Warangal
• Hoysalas of Dwarsamudra and Pandyas of Madurai
• Vijayanagar and Bahamani kingdoms
• Both (a) and (b)