Froth flotation reagents: pine oil serves primarily as which type of reagent?

Difficulty: Easy

Correct Answer: Frother

Explanation:


Introduction / Context:
Froth flotation separates mineral phases by selectively attaching hydrophobic particles to air bubbles. Reagents include collectors (adsorb to make surfaces hydrophobic), frothers (stabilise froth and control bubble size), modifiers (pH regulators, depressants), and activators (enable collector adsorption).



Given Data / Assumptions:

  • Pine oil is a classic frother used historically in sulfide ore flotation.
  • Its role is to produce a stable, fine-bubble froth.
  • It does not function as a collector for specific mineral surfaces.



Concept / Approach:
Frothers reduce surface tension and prevent bubble coalescence, leading to persistent froth that carries hydrophobic mineral particles to the surface. Pine oil and modern alcohol/glycol frothers are selected based on froth stability and selectivity requirements.



Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify pine oil's function: stabilise froth and control bubble dispersion.Differentiate from collectors (e.g., xanthates), activators (e.g., copper sulfate), and modifiers (e.g., lime, NaCN).Choose 'Frother' accordingly.



Verification / Alternative check:
Flowsheets list pine oil under frothers in reagent addition schemes for rougher/cleaner circuits.



Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Collector/activator/modifier are distinct reagent classes with different mechanisms and chemistries.



Common Pitfalls:
Assuming all organic reagents are collectors; functionality depends on adsorption mechanism and hydrophile–lipophile balance.



Final Answer:
Frother

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