Difficulty: Medium
Correct Answer: 93362
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
This question demonstrates how algebraic identities can simplify apparently huge numerical calculations. Directly squaring 61681 and 31681 would be very tedious. However, the expression has the special form a^2 − b^2, which can be rewritten as (a − b)(a + b). Recognizing and using this identity simplifies the calculation dramatically.
Given Data / Assumptions:
Concept / Approach:
Use the identity a^2 − b^2 = (a − b)(a + b). Here a = 61681 and b = 31681. After factorization, we see that the numerator becomes (a − b)(a + b), and in this specific problem a − b equals 30000, which matches the divisor in the denominator. This allows immediate cancellation and leaves only the sum a + b to compute, which is manageable even by mental arithmetic.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Let a = 61681 and b = 31681.Compute a − b: 61681 − 31681 = 30000.Compute a + b: 61681 + 31681 = 93362.Using the identity a^2 − b^2 = (a − b)(a + b), the numerator becomes 30000 * 93362.The full expression is (30000 * 93362) ÷ 30000.Cancel the factor 30000 in numerator and denominator: the result is simply 93362.
Verification / Alternative check:
An approximate check can be done by noticing that 61681 is roughly 62000 and 31681 is roughly 32000. The difference of squares of those rough values, divided by 30000, would be close to the sum of the two numbers, which is about 94000. Our exact answer 93362 is near that rough estimate, indicating that the calculation is plausible. More precise checks would involve computing the exact product, but the algebraic identity is exact and guarantees the correctness once the basic subtraction and addition are correct.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Common Pitfalls:
Final Answer:
93362
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