In the following English grammar question, a sentence is divided into parts and one part contains a grammatical error. Read the complete sentence and identify which underlined segment is incorrect: "Considering about these facts, the principal has offered him a seat."

Introduction / Context:
This question tests basic English grammar and error spotting skills. The learner needs to read the full sentence, focus on each segment, and find which part contains a grammatical or usage problem. The sentence is "Considering about these facts, the principal has offered him a seat." On first reading it looks almost correct, but one phrase is not standard English usage. Questions of this type are common in competitive exams and help students develop a careful eye for preposition and verb usage in real sentences.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The full sentence is: "Considering about these facts, the principal has offered him a seat."
• Segment (a) is "Considering about these facts".
• Segment (b) is "the principal has offered".
• Segment (c) is "him a seat".
• Segment (d) is "No error", which means all parts are correct if chosen.
• We assume a standard modern English grammar framework used in competitive examinations in India.

Concept / Approach:
The phrase "considering about" is not idiomatic in standard English. The verb or participle "considering" already carries the meaning "taking into account" or "thinking about", so it does not normally need the preposition "about". Therefore, the correct expression should be "Considering these facts" or "In view of these facts". The rest of the sentence uses a present perfect form "has offered" correctly to indicate a recent action with present relevance. The object phrase "him a seat" is also grammatically acceptable. Thus the only problematic part lies in the first segment.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Read the entire sentence to understand the meaning: someone has been offered a seat because of certain facts. Step 2: Examine segment (a) "Considering about these facts". Notice the combination "considering about". Step 3: Recall that "consider" and "considering" normally take a direct object, as in "consider these facts" or "considering these facts", without "about". Step 4: Recognize that "about" is redundant and makes the phrase ungrammatical in standard usage. Step 5: Check segment (b) "the principal has offered" and segment (c) "him a seat" and see that together they form a correct clause "the principal has offered him a seat". Step 6: Conclude that segment (a) is the only segment with an error, so it should be chosen as the incorrect part.

Verification / Alternative check:
A good way to verify is to rephrase the sentence in a fully correct form. The natural and widely accepted version is "Considering these facts, the principal has offered him a seat." If we simply remove the word "about", the sentence reads smoothly and agrees with standard grammar rules. Another alternative expression is "In view of these facts, the principal has offered him a seat." This confirms that "considering" itself already implies the idea of "about", so adding "about" again is unnecessary and incorrect in formal English.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Option (b) "the principal has offered" is correct because present perfect is appropriate for an action with relevance to the present situation. Option (c) "him a seat" correctly expresses an indirect and direct object after "offered"; "offer someone a seat" is idiomatic English. Option (d) "No error" cannot be correct because we have already identified a clear error in segment (a).

Common Pitfalls:
Students sometimes overlook small preposition errors because the overall meaning is clear. Phrases like "discuss about", "consider about", or "order for" feel natural to many learners but are not accepted in formal grammar. Another frequent mistake is choosing "No error" because the sentence seems understandable at first glance. For competitive exams, it is important to remember that being understandable is not enough; the sentence must follow standard rules. Carefully checking every preposition and article helps avoid such traps in error spotting questions.

Final Answer:
The incorrect segment is in option (a) "Considering about these facts"; the correct expression should be "Considering these facts". Therefore, the correct answer is "Considering about these facts".