In this letter pair analogy, “EFG is to GHI as ______ is to ______”. Choose the pair from the options that follows the same forward alphabet shift pattern as EFG to GHI.

Introduction / Context:
This question tests recognition of a consistent alphabet shift applied to groups of letters. We are given the example “EFG : GHI” and must identify which option pair exhibits the same transformation. Such problems are common in reasoning tests where groups of letters are shifted uniformly forward or backward by a fixed number of positions.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Example pair: EFG → GHI. • Options: RFH : THJ, NPS : OQT, LAN : JYL, TOP : QLM. • We use alphabet positions A = 1, B = 2, ..., Z = 26. • We expect a constant shift, likely +2, since E to G and F to H suggest moving forward by two positions.

Concept / Approach:
We first determine the exact shift that takes EFG to GHI. If each letter is moved forward by +2 in the alphabet, we then test each option pair to find which pair uses the same +2 shift consistently for all corresponding letters. The correct pair will have first term letters that, when each is increased by 2, yield the letters of the second term.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Convert EFG and GHI to positions. E = 5, F = 6, G = 7; G = 7, H = 8, I = 9. Step 2: Check the shifts. 5 → 7: +2, 6 → 8: +2, 7 → 9: +2. So, the rule is “add 2 to each letter”. Step 3: Test option A: RFH : THJ. R = 18 → T = 20 (+2); F = 6 → H = 8 (+2); H = 8 → J = 10 (+2). This pair perfectly follows the +2 shift rule. Step 4: Briefly test other options. NPS : OQT uses mostly +1 shifts and is therefore inconsistent. LAN : JYL and TOP : QLM do not maintain a constant +2 shift across all letters. Step 5: Conclude that RFH : THJ is the only pair that matches the pattern of EFG : GHI.

Verification / Alternative check:
We can verify by reversing the transformation in option A. Subtracting 2 from each letter in THJ gives R (20 − 2), F (8 − 2), and H (10 − 2), reconstructing RFH. This shows that the same reversible +2 operation is being used, exactly like in the example pair where GHI – 2 = EFG. No other option pair exhibits such clean reversibility with a fixed shift of +2.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
• NPS : OQT – shifts are not +2 for all positions; some are +1. • LAN : JYL – involves a mixture of shifts and does not mirror a consistent +2 pattern. • TOP : QLM – again, no uniform +2 relationship from the first group to the second.

Common Pitfalls:
Candidates may focus on only the first letter of each option pair and ignore discrepancies in the remaining letters. However, a correct analogy requires that the same rule apply to all positions. Always check each letter in the group, not just the first, before deciding that an option matches the example pattern.

Final Answer:
The related letter pair that matches the pattern is RFH : THJ.