Which online portal named "e-Sanad" was launched by the Human Resource Development Ministry and the External Affairs Ministry to simplify online verification and attestation of documents?

Introduction / Context:
Verification and attestation of educational and personal documents are critical steps for students and professionals who wish to study, work or settle abroad. Traditionally, this process was time consuming and involved visiting multiple offices. To modernise and simplify these procedures, the Human Resource Development Ministry and the External Affairs Ministry in India launched an online portal. This question checks whether you know the correct name of that portal, which is part of the government's push towards digital governance.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The portal is meant to handle online verification and attestation of documents.
• It was launched jointly by the HRD Ministry and the External Affairs Ministry.
• The options are four similar sounding names: e-bharat, e-sanad, e-foriegn and e-verify.
• The task is to identify the official name recognised for this service.

Concept / Approach:
The word "sanad" in many Indian languages and in Urdu historically refers to a deed, charter or official document. An electronic system for attesting and verifying documents naturally fits the name e-Sanad. The other options sound generic and do not specifically evoke the idea of official documents. By understanding this linguistic hint and connecting it with the context of document attestation, it becomes clear that e-Sanad is the appropriate choice.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Recognise the purpose of the portal, which is to offer online document verification and attestation. Step 2: Note that a suitable name would likely include a reference to documents or certificates. Step 3: Understand that the term "sanad" historically refers to an official document or certificate, so adding an "e" prefix is consistent with digitisation. Step 4: Evaluate the alternatives: e-bharat and e-verify are very broad terms that could apply to many services and were not used as the formal name of this portal. Step 5: The option spelled e-foriegn is a misspelling of foreign and does not correctly indicate attestation of Indian documents. Step 6: Therefore, match the description to e-Sanad, the portal launched by the HRD and External Affairs Ministries.

Verification / Alternative check:
If you have seen official government presentations or press releases, they clearly refer to "e-Sanad" as the platform through which students can apply for online verification of their academic certificates issued by universities and boards. It is integrated with agencies like the National Academic Depository and works in coordination with embassies. The consistent use of this exact name in official communication verifies that e-Sanad is the correct answer.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
e-bharat: This name would be suitable for a broad national portal, but it is not the specific brand used for document attestation.
e-foriegn: Apart from the spelling issue, this name focuses on the word foreign and does not emphasise attested documents or certificates.
e-verify: Many different services involve electronic verification, but the dedicated portal for document attestation launched by the HRD and External Affairs Ministries is not called e-verify.

Common Pitfalls:
Some learners may be confused by similar sounding "e" prefixed names and may rely purely on guesswork. Others may overlook the meaning of the word "sanad" and therefore miss the hint embedded in the name. When dealing with such questions, it is helpful to break down the components of the term and consider whether they logically align with the described function of the portal.

Final Answer:
The portal launched to simplify online verification and attestation of documents is called e-sanad.