Situation–Reaction (Drowning child; you can swim): You are passing by a river, you know swimming, and you hear a child drowning. What should you do first?

Introduction / Context:
Emergency response hinges on time. In drowning, seconds count. If you are competent at swimming, immediate action can be lifesaving. The problem tests courage, prioritization, and practical rescue awareness.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• You can swim competently.
• A child is actively drowning nearby.
• No lifeguard is immediately present.

Concept / Approach:
First priority is to prevent loss of life. With swimming ability, the fastest safe response is to initiate rescue while calling for help. Ideal practice is “reach/throw—don’t go” if aids (rope, stick, flotation) are available; however, in the absence of aids and with imminent danger, a controlled entry and rescue carry is warranted.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Shout for help; alert bystanders to call emergency services.2) If flotation/rope is immediately at hand, throw it; otherwise enter the water safely (no head-first dive in unknown depth).3) Approach from behind to avoid being grabbed; use a safe tow hold.4) Bring the child to shore and commence basic life support if needed.

Verification / Alternative check:
Professional rescuers are ideal but delay is dangerous. Your competence bridges the critical gap until help arrives.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Waiting wastes precious seconds. Looking for divers delays action. Consoling parents addresses emotion but not the emergency.

Common Pitfalls:
Unsafe entries; letting the victim cling to you frontally; ignoring your limits.

Final Answer:
Dive into the river to save the child (with due care and calling for help).