A trader sells 20 kg of sugar at Rs. 400. A customer asks 20% discount and he agrees to it but instead of 1 kg he gives 4% less sugar. what is the effective discount that the customer gets?

CP : MP = 2y : 3y
profit = y
(%) profit : (%) discount =3 : 2

Let CP=200, SP=300
So [ (3y / 100) x 200 ] + [(2y/100) x 300] = 100
y= 8.33 %
Discount 2y = 16.66 %

Initially :
CP =100
SP = 140 (Since profit = 40 %)

New price :
CP =100
SP = 140 - 20% = 112
MP = 140

Profit % = [(112 - 100 )/100] = 12 %

Let the cost price of 1 litre pure milk be Rs. 1, then
for 6 litres (milk) CP = Rs. 6
for 2 litres (Water) CP = Rs. 0

and for 8 litres mixture SP = 8 x 2 = Rs.16

Profit = [(16-6) / 6] x 100 = 1000 / 6 = 166.66 %

From the question
10 % x = 15% of y ...(i)
x+y = 30000 ...(ii)

from eq. (i)
x / y = 3/2 ...(iii)

by solving eq. (ii) & (iii)
x = 18000, y = 12000

Hence, the difference =6000

Abhishek Discount = 2800
Bhanu Discount =2400+640=3040

The difference in selling price is same as difference in discount = 3040 - 2800 = Rs.240

K = 1 litre, price of K = 1
P = 4 litre price of P = 2

price of total (new) mixture = 1 X 1 + 4 X 2 = Rs. 9
price of pure petrol of same quantity = 5 X 2 = Rs. 10
Percentage profit = [(10-9) / 9] x 100 = 11¹/₉ %

If CP be Rs. 1g, then he pay Rs. 1200 for 1000 g
Again he obtains Rs. 1200 for 1000 g (by selling at 20% profit) Thus there is no loss no gain.

Let the selling price of each article be Rs. 1. Then, selling price of 100 articles= Rs. 100, profit on selling 100 articles= Rs. 75, and cost of 100 articles=100-75=Rs.25
Therefore, profit percentage=(75 / 25) x 100=300%

Let the cost of the table be Rs. x and the cost of the chair = Rs. y

From 1st condition,
2x = 5y
? x= 5y/2

From 2nd condition
x - y = 1200
? (5y / 2) - y = 1200
3y / 2 = 1200
y = Rs. 800

1 kg = 1000 grams
? 1/4 kg = 1000 / 4 = 250 grams
Now Cost for 200 grams = (200 / 250 ) x 60 paise
= 48 paise