Clearly, spending money on sports cannot be avoided merely because it can be spent on socio-economic problems. So, argument I does not hold. Also, if the expenses on sports are curtailed, the sports persons would face lack of facilities and training and our country will lag behind in the international sports competitions. So, II holds.
2. Statement: Are nuclear families better than joint families?
Arguments:
No. Joint families ensure security and also reduce the burden of work.
Clearly, with so many people around in a joint family, there is more security. Also, work is shared. So, argument I holds. In nuclear families, there are lesser number of people and so lesser responsibilities and more freedom. Thus, II also holds.
3. Statement: The Company X has rejected first lot of values supplied by Company A and has cancelled its entire huge order quoting use of inferior quality material and poor craftsmanship.
Courses of Action:
The Company A needs to investigate functioning of its purchase, production and quality control departments.
The Company A should inspect all the valves rejected by Company X.
The Company A should inform Company X that steps have been taken for improvement and renegotiate schedule of supply.
First of all, company A should inspect the rejected valves to ensure if they are really sub-standard. If yes, it should scrutinise its working thoroughly and remove its lackenings, be it in the quality of raw material or craftsmanship. So, both I and II follow. III seems to be a far-off action which can be implemented only after the first two steps are put into practice. Thus, III does not follow,
4. Statement: It is estimated that about twenty lakh people will visit the city during the ensuing festival.
Courses of Action:
The civic authority should monitor the crowd and restrict entry of the people beyond a manageable number.
The local police authority should be put on high alert to maintain law and order during the festival.
All the hospitals in the city should be put on high alert in case of any eventuality.
Clearly, people cannot be deprived of enjoying the festival for lack of arrangements. Also, it becomes necessary to deploy police to regulate big crowds and avert any mishap in public gatherings. Further, it costs nothing but might prove useful to put hospitals on alert to be ready to provide quick medical aid to patients in case of any eventuality. So, both II and III follow.
5. Statement: In the city, over 75 percent of the people are living in slums and sub-standard houses which is a reflection on the housing and urban development policies of the Government.
Courses of Action:
I. There should be a separate department looking after housing and urban development.
II. The policies in regard to urban housing should be reviewed.
III. The policies regarding rural housing should also be reviewed so that such problems could be avoided in rural areas.
The statement talks of housing conditions in urban areas only. So, III does not follow. Also, to improve the deteriorating housing conditions, the urban housing policies need to be studied and the lackenings removed by a team of efficient personnel deployed for the same. So, both I and II follow.
6. Statement: Should there be compulsory medical examination of both the man and the woman before they marry each other?
Arguments:
No. This is an intrusion to the privacy of an individual and hence cannot be tolerated.
Yes. This will substantially reduce the risk of giving birth to children with serious ailments.
Clearly, it is the advertisement which makes the customer aware of the qualities of the product and leads him to buy it. So, argument I is valid. But at the same time, advertising nowadays has become a costly affair and the expenses on it add to the price of the product. So, argument II also holds strong.
8. Statement: Should luxury hotels be banned in India?
Arguments:
Yes. They are places from where international criminals operate.
No. Affluent foreign tourists will have no place to stay.
Clearly, the luxury hotels are a mark of country's standard and a place for staying for the affluent foreign tourists. So, argument II holds. Argument I is not a strong reason because ban on hotels is not a way to do away with the activities of international criminals.
9. Statement: Should shifting agriculture be practised?
Clearly, shifting agriculture is a practice in which a certain crop is grown on a land and when it becomes infertile it is left bare and another piece of land is chosen. Clearly, it is a wasteful practice. So, only argument I holds.
10. Statement: Should our country extend generous behaviour and goodwill to our erring and nagging neighbours?
Arguments:
Yes. Goodwill always pays dividend.
No. Our generous behaviour and goodwill will be considered as our weakness.
Clearly, a good behaviour may at some point of time lead to mutual discussions and peaceful settlement of issues in the long run. So, argument I holds strong. However, such behaviour may be mistaken for our weakness and it would be difficult to continue with it if the other country doesn't stop its sinister activities. Hence, II also holds.