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- Question
Which of the following processes involve the combining of a message from one signaling molecule with that of another to either enhance or inhibit a cellular effect?
Options- A. Signal transduction
- B. Signal reception
- C. Signal integration
- D. Signal amplification
- Correct Answer
- Signal integration
- 1. cAMP and cGMP are derived from
Options- A. ATP and GTP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively
- B. GTP and ATP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively
- C. ATP and GTP by the actions of guanylate cyclase and adenylate cyclase respectively
- D. none of the above Discuss
- 2. Nitroglycerin has long been administered to human patients suffering from chronic chest pain (angina). This medication works because it
Options- A. mimics the action of signal receptors
- B. is broken down into hormones that affect the heart
- C. interferes with chemical cascades that trigger contraction of heart muscle
- D. breaks down into nitric oxide, which increases blood flow to the heart Discuss
- 3. When a __________ reaches its __________ , there is a specific means of receiving it and acting on the message. This task is the responsibility of specialized proteins called __________ .
Options- A. signaling molecule; receptor; G proteins
- B. signaling molecule; target cell; G proteins
- C. signaling molecule; target cell; receptors
- D. kinase; receptor; proteases Discuss
- 4. Which of the following is not a type of signaling molecule?
Options- A. Testosterone
- B. Insulin
- C. Thyroxin
- D. Adenylate cyclase Discuss
- 5. Self-phosphorylation is an excellent mechanism for triggering specific catalytic function of the proteins involved in signal cascades because it
Options- A. changes the shape and thus the enzymatic activity of the proteins involved
- B. makes the receptor more likely to capture the signaling, molecule
- C. allows hydrophilic signaling molecules to cross the plasma membrane
- D. None of the above Discuss
- 6. Which of the following statements about G proteins is false?
Options- A. They are involved in signal cascades
- B. They bind to and are regulated by guanine nucleotides
- C. They become activated when bound to GDP
- D. They must be active before the cell can make needed cAMP Discuss
- 7. A cell is known to respond to a particular signaling molecule. Which of the following must be true of this cell?
Options- A. It is in the heart muscle
- B. It is also the site of production for the signaling molecule
- C. It contains the receptor for the signaling molecule
- D. It is incapable of signal transduction Discuss
- 8. The signaling molecules called steroid hormones
Options- A. are made in one location of the body but have their effects some distance away
- B. are hydrophilic and so cannot penetrate the plasma membrane
- C. bind to cell surface receptors to trigger chemical cascades
- D. never enter the blood of humans Discuss
- 9. In the signal transduction mechanism known as protein phosphorylation
Options- A. the signaling molecule binds to a surface receptor
- B. receptor kinases play a key role in triggering the signal cascade
- C. phosphorylated proteins act with enzymes to trigger the signal cascade
- D. All of the above Discuss
- 10. Which of the following is a hormone whose action requires a cell surface receptor?
Options- A. Nitric oxide
- B. Progesterone
- C. Adrenaline
- D. Growth factors Discuss
Cell Signalling and Transduction problems
Search Results
Correct Answer: ATP and GTP by the actions of adenylate cyclase and guanylate cyclase respectively
Correct Answer: breaks down into nitric oxide, which increases blood flow to the heart
Correct Answer: signaling molecule; target cell; receptors
Correct Answer: Adenylate cyclase
Correct Answer: changes the shape and thus the enzymatic activity of the proteins involved
Correct Answer: They become activated when bound to GDP
Correct Answer: It contains the receptor for the signaling molecule
Correct Answer: are made in one location of the body but have their effects some distance away
Correct Answer: All of the above
Correct Answer: Adrenaline
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