Statements: All mangoes are golden in colour. No golden-coloured things are cheap.
Conclusions:
All mangoes are cheap.
Golden-coloured mangoes are not cheap.
Options
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
Correct Answer
Only conclusion II follows
Explanation
Clearly, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No mango is cheap'. Since all mangoes are golden in colour, we may substitute 'mangoes' with 'golden-coloured mangoes'. Thus, II follows.
Logical Deduction problems
Search Results
1. Statements: All bags are cakes. All lamps are cakes.
Since the middle term 'cakes' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows. However, I and II involve only the extreme terms and form a complementary pair. So, either I or II follows.
2. Statements: No women teacher can play. Some women teachers are athletes.
Correct Answer: Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
Explanation:
The increase in demand of steel from other countries is bound to enhance business and hence profitability of steel companies in India.
5. Statements:
The university authority has instructed all the colleges under its jurisdiction to ban use of all phones inside the college premises.
Majority of the teachers of the colleges signed a joint petition to the university complaining the disturbances caused by cell phone ring-tones inside the classrooms.
Options
A. Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
B. Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
C. Both the statements I and II are independent causes
D. Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes
E. Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause
Correct Answer: Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
Explanation:
Clearly, the university's decision came as a sequel to the complaint received by it from the college teachers against use of mobile phones in the college premises.
6. Statements: Some kings are queens. All queens are beautiful.
The first premise is A type and distributes the subject. So, the middle term 'waters' which forms its predicate, is not distributed. The second premise is I type and does not distribute either subject or predicate. So, the middle term 'waters' forming its subject is not distributed. Since the middle term is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows.
As discussed above, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No flower is fruit'. I is the converse of this conclusion and thus it follows. II is the converse of the first premise and so it also holds.