First Premise is Particular Affirmative (I-type).
Second Premise is Universal Affirmative (A-type).
Some teachers are students. ? All students are girls.
I + A ? I-type of Conclusion "Some teachers are girls".
Conclusion II is Converse of it.
Conclusion III is Converse of the second Premise.
All the three statements are Universal Affirmative (A-type).
All books are boxes. ? All boxes are pens.
A + A ? A-type of Conclusion "All books are pens."
Conclusion III is Converse of it.
All books are pens. ?All pens are papers.
A + A ? A-type of Conclusion "All books are papers."
This is Conclusion II.
Conclusion I is Converse of it.
All boxes are pens. ? All pens are papers.
A + A ? A-type of Conclusion "All boxes are papers."
Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A-type).
All dogs are books. ? All books are pictures.
A + A ? A-type of Conclusion "All dogs are pictures."
This is Conclusion I.
Conclusion IV is Converse of the second Premise.
First Premise is Universal Affirmative (A-type).
Second Premise is Universal Negative (E-type).
All frogs are tortoises. ? No tortoise is a crocodile.
A + E ? E-type of Conclusion "No frog is a crocodile".
This is Conclusion II.
Conclusion I is Converse of this Conclusion.
We can align the premises by converting the second premise.
All Americans are English speaking. ? No English speakers are Eskimos.
We know that,
A + E ? E type conclusion Thus, our derived conclusion would be:
"No Americans are Eskimos."
Conclusion I is the converse of the derived conclusion.
Conclusion II is the converse of second premise.
Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A-type).
All men are women. ? All women are crazy.
A + A ? A ? type of Conclusion
"All men are crazy".
This is Conclusion I. Conclusion III is the Converse of it.
Conclusion IV is the Converse of Statement Q.
The given statements can be illustrated as:
All hens are cocks. (A) ? No cock is black. (E)
A + E ? E- type of conclusion "No hen is black."
This is Conclusion II.
The given statement can be shown by the following diagram :
Only Conclusion I follows. As all English movies are violent, the people who like watching English movies like violence. But it is not necessary that all people who like violence watch English movies.
Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A-type).
All cupboards are watches. ? All watches are costly.
A + A ? A-type of Conclusion "All cupboards are costly."
This is Conclusion I.
Conclusion II is converse of it.
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