Arrange the following from fundamental particle to bulk matter. (A) Substance (B) Atom (C) Molecule (D) Proton

Introduction / Context:
Understanding the hierarchy from particles to matter helps in chemistry and physics reasoning problems.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Proton is a subatomic particle within the nucleus.
• Atom is the smallest unit of an element retaining its identity.
• Molecule is two or more atoms bonded together.
• Substance is bulk matter composed of molecules/atoms.

Concept / Approach:
Build upward by structural composition: particles → atoms → molecules → macroscopic substance.

Step-by-Step Solution:
(D) Proton → constituent of atoms.(B) Atom → nucleus + electrons.(C) Molecule → bonded atoms.(A) Substance → collection of molecules/atoms.

Verification / Alternative check:
No macroscopic substance can precede its molecular/atomic building blocks.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Starting with substance is top-down and not an ascending build; placing proton after molecule violates composition.

Common Pitfalls:
Confusing ions/atoms; thinking “molecule” always larger than “substance” (substance is a bulk collective).

Final Answer:
(D), (B), (C), (A)