In C++, what are the primary roles of a constructor? Choose the option that best reflects what constructors actually do.

Introduction:
Constructors run automatically when an object's lifetime begins, preparing its invariants and resources. This question distinguishes between allocation/creation and initialization responsibilities in C++.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Objects can be automatic (stack), dynamic (via new), or static storage.
• Construction is distinct from allocation of raw memory.
• We focus on what the constructor function body guarantees.

Concept / Approach:
Constructors initialize objects: they set up member values, establish invariants, and acquire resources. The act of “making an object exist” is performed by storage allocation (e.g., stack frame, operator new). The constructor then runs to initialize that storage with a valid state. A constructor does not “construct a class” or “construct a function”.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Memory is reserved for the object (by context or operator new).2) The constructor executes, initializing members (via member initializer list/body).3) The object becomes usable with class invariants established.4) On destruction, the destructor releases resources and unwinds that initialization.

Verification / Alternative check:
Overload operator new to observe allocation separate from construction; placement new also demonstrates that constructors initialize pre-allocated memory.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Construct a new class: classes are compile-time types; not constructed at runtime.Construct a new object: allocation plus initialization creates objects; the constructor specifically performs initialization.Construct a new function: nonsensical in C++.

Common Pitfalls:
Placing heavy logic in constructors that can throw, complicating exception safety. Prefer noexcept where practical and RAII for resource management.

Final Answer:
Initialize objects