Clampers (DC restorers): Which statements correctly describe what a clamper circuit does to a waveform?

Introduction / Context:
Clampers are widely used for baseline restoration, level shifting, and AC-coupled signal processing. They translate an entire waveform up or down without altering its peak-to-peak value (ideally), enabling diode detectors and CRT/ADC front-ends to operate within range.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Ideal diode and large capacitor so that steady-state clamping is achieved.
• Load resistance much larger than the source resistance to minimize droop.

Concept / Approach:

A clamper adds a DC component by charging its capacitor on one half-cycle and then referencing subsequent cycles to a new DC level through the diode action. The instantaneous shape is preserved except for small ripple due to the capacitor discharge; the peak-to-peak amplitude remains the same.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Measure the output: the difference between maximum and minimum remains the input peak-to-peak value, confirming that no amplification occurs.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Amplification is not a function of a clamper; it is a passive level shifter.

Common Pitfalls:

• Confusing clampers with clippers (which alter shape by limiting peaks).
• Neglecting capacitor droop under finite load, which slightly distorts the ideal behavior.

Final Answer:

Both (a) and (b) are correct.