“If” relates to “Condition” (a conjunction signaling a condition). In the same way, “But” relates to which discourse function? Choose the best label.

Introduction / Context:
Language analogies connect words to their discourse functions. “If” is a subordinating conjunction introducing a condition. Similarly, “but” is a coordinating conjunction introducing contrast or opposition in discourse—often termed contradiction or contrast to prior expectation. Select the most accurate functional label from the options.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• “If” → condition (conditional clause marker).
• “But” introduces contrast/opposition to what precedes.
• We must pick the closest function label among the given options.

Concept / Approach:
Among the choices, “Contradiction” best captures the adversative/contrastive role of “but.” “Negation” is specifically logical denial (no/not), which “but” does not inherently perform; “supplement” suggests addition (“and”); “disapproval” is a sentiment, not a discourse role.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) Identify each conjunction’s discourse function.2) Map “but” to adversative contrast (contradiction to expectation).3) Choose “Contradiction.”

Verification / Alternative check:
Grammar references describe “but” as adversative, marking contrast; “contradiction/contrast” is an acceptable functional gloss in reasoning questions.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Negation: Logical denial; not the function of “but.”
• Supplement: Suggests addition (“and”), not contrast.
• Disapproval: A sentiment, not a grammatical function.

Common Pitfalls:
Equating discourse contrast with logical negation; they are distinct.

Final Answer:
Contradiction