Typical sucrose levels — what concentration of sucrose is commonly used in plant tissue culture media?

Introduction / Context:
Carbohydrate concentration in plant tissue culture affects osmotic potential, growth rate, and morphogenesis. Sucrose is the standard carbon source, and its concentration is tuned for most explants to balance energy supply and osmotic conditions.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Media such as MS typically list sucrose at 30 g/L.
• Explants are heterotrophic in vitro and need an external carbon supply.
• We want the common concentration range used broadly across protocols.

Concept / Approach:

The majority of general protocols use 2–3% (w/v) sucrose, corresponding to 20–30 g/L. Lower concentrations may starve tissues; much higher levels increase osmotic stress, cause vitrification, or inhibit regeneration unless specifically required (e.g., for embryo maturation).

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Handbooks and supplier datasheets consistently recommend 2–3% sucrose as a starting point for most species.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

10–15 g/L is often insufficient; 40–100 g/L is unusually high and used only in specific, controlled contexts.

Common Pitfalls:

Assuming more sugar means faster growth; overly high sucrose can impair morphogenesis.

Final Answer:

20–30 g/L (about 2–3% w/v)