In cloud computing architecture, what are the main service layers that cloud providers commonly offer to customers?

Introduction / Context:

Cloud computing organizes its offerings into distinct service layers that represent different levels of abstraction. Knowing the standard service models helps professionals understand which responsibilities are handled by the provider and which remain with the customer. These layers also appear in many certification exams and technical interviews.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Cloud providers deliver computing resources over the internet.
• Service models differ in how much of the stack is managed by the provider.
• The three classic models are widely recognized across the industry.

Concept / Approach:

The three primary cloud service layers are Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). IaaS provides virtualized compute, storage, and networking. PaaS adds managed runtime environments and development platforms on top. SaaS delivers complete applications that users access through a browser or client without managing the underlying infrastructure or platform.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Cloud reference models and provider documentation from organizations such as NIST and major vendors consistently describe IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS as the standard service categories. Additional variations may exist, but these three form the core model.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

Common Pitfalls:

Some learners confuse deployment models (public, private, hybrid) with service models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS). Another pitfall is assuming that every provider uses identical naming, while in reality marketing terms sometimes vary even though the underlying concepts match the three standard layers.

Final Answer:

The correct choice is Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, and Software as a Service. because these are the widely recognized main service layers in cloud computing architecture.