Total number of letters = 8
Number of vowels = 3 and r occurs twice.
Total number of arrangements when there is no restriction = 8!/2!
When three vowels are together, regarding them as one letter, we have only 5 + 1 = 6 letters
These six letters can be arranged in 6!/2! ways, since r occurs twice.
But the three vowels can be arranged among themselves in 3! ways.
Hence number of arrangement when the three vowels are together = 6! /(2 !x 3!)
∴ Required number = 8!/2! - {6! / (2! x 3!)} = 18,000
