A dishonest milkman professes to sell his milk at cost price but he mixes it with water and thereby gains 25%. The percentage of water in the mixture is:

4%
6¼%
20%
25%

Correct Answer: 20%

Explanation:

Let C.P. of 1 litre milk be Re. 1

Then, S.P. of 1 litre of mixture = Re. 1, Gain = 25%.

C.P. of 1 litre mixture = Re.	❨	100	x 1	❩	=	4
		125				5

By the rule of alligation, we have:

C.P. of 1 litre of milk C.P. of 1 litre of water

Re. 1

Mean Price

Re.	4
	5

0

4

5

1

5

∴ Ratio of milk to water =	4	:	1	= 4 : 1.
	5		5

Hence, percentage of water in the mixture =	❨	1	x 100	❩%	= 20%.
		5

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