In basic physics, what is another standard term used for the energy that a body possesses due to its motion?

Introduction / Context:

This question deals with fundamental definitions from mechanics. In physics, energy is classified into different forms based on how it is stored or expressed. Two of the most important forms are kinetic energy and potential energy. The question asks for the recognised standard term for the energy associated with the motion of a body.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• The phrase energy of motion refers to energy due only to movement, not due to position or configuration.
• No numerical values are involved; it is a conceptual definition question.
• The answer must be a commonly accepted textbook term.

Concept / Approach:

Kinetic energy is defined as the energy that an object possesses because of its motion. For a body of mass m moving with speed v, this energy is given by the formula kinetic energy equals one by two multiplied by m multiplied by v squared. Potential energy, in contrast, is energy associated with position in a gravitational or elastic field, such as a raised weight or a compressed spring. Rotational energy is a specific type of kinetic energy associated with rotational motion. The term motional energy is not a standard textbook term.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:

Textbooks on mechanics introduce kinetic energy along with work and power. They show that when a resultant force accelerates a body, the work done on that body increases its kinetic energy. Everyday examples such as a moving car, a thrown ball, or flowing water stress that the faster the object moves, the more kinetic energy it has. These explanations always use the term kinetic energy, not motional energy, to describe this concept.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Motional energy: This is not a standard scientific term in basic physics textbooks.
• Potential energy: This refers to stored energy due to position, such as gravitational potential energy or elastic potential energy.
• Rotational energy: This is a specific form of kinetic energy associated with rotation, but the general name for energy of motion is kinetic energy.

Common Pitfalls:

Some learners may be tempted by potential energy because they encounter it frequently along with kinetic energy, but it clearly refers to energy of position, not motion. Others may think that rotational energy is a separate type of energy rather than a subset of kinetic energy. Remembering the general formula and definition of kinetic energy helps to avoid these confusions. Kinetic energy is always connected directly to the speed of an object.

Final Answer:

The standard name for the energy of motion is kinetic energy.