Monthly-to-annual budgeting: Veena spends 25% of her monthly income on household expenses. Her annual income is ₹4.32 lakh. What is the total amount she spends on household expenses in 8 months?

Introduction / Context:
We convert annual income to monthly, apply a fixed spending percentage per month, and then scale to 8 months. This is a direct proportional calculation without compounding.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Annual income = ₹4.32 lakh = ₹432,000.
• Monthly income = ₹432,000 / 12 = ₹36,000.
• Household spend = 25% of monthly income.
• We need 8 months’ total spend.

Concept / Approach:
Compute monthly spend first (a constant 25% each month), then multiply by 8. No seasonal or variable spending is implied, so linear scaling is valid.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Verification / Alternative check:
Direct fraction method: 8 months is 8/12 of the year; annual spend at 25% = 0.25 * 432,000 = 108,000; 8/12 of 108,000 = 72,000. Same result.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• ₹71,000; ₹73,000; ₹74,000: Off by rounding or arithmetic slips; the exact figure is ₹72,000.

Common Pitfalls:
Mistaking ₹4.32 lakh for ₹432,00 (missing a zero) or applying 25% to the annual total and then mishandling the 8/12 factor.

Final Answer: