Single-point cutting tool nomenclature The angle formed between the tool face and a plane parallel to the tool base (reference plane) is called what?

Introduction / Context:
Tool geometry terms—rake, clearance, and edge angles—govern chip formation, cutting forces, heat generation, and tool life. Accurate definitions are essential for setup and troubleshooting.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• Orthogonal tool geometry terminology per standard reference planes.
• Plane parallel to base is the reference (rake) plane.

Concept / Approach:
The rake angle is the inclination of the tool face relative to the reference plane. Positive rake promotes easier shearing and lower forces; negative rake strengthens the edge for hard materials. Clearance (relief) is the angle between the flank and the work surface to prevent rubbing.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Identify the surfaces: “face of the tool” versus “plane parallel to the base.”By definition, this is the rake angle that controls chip flow direction and shear deformation.

Verification / Alternative check:
Standard tool signature formats (e.g., ASA, ORS) list rake angles with respect to reference planes parallel to the base.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• Cutting angle/lip angle refer to resultant included angles at the cutting edge, not the face-to-base relation.
• Clearance angle is between flank and work surface.
• Approach angle relates the cutting edge to feed direction.

Common Pitfalls:
Mixing rake and clearance; forgetting that rake deals with chip flow while clearance prevents rubbing.

Final Answer:
Rake angle