Digit-wise transformation (repair possible): “583 : 488 :: 293 : ?” — detect the digit operation used in the first pair and apply consistently to the second.

Introduction / Context:
Three-digit analogies often use per-place transformations. One consistent rule that maps 583 → 488 is “hundreds − 1, tens + 0, units + 5.” Applying the same rule to 293 gives a unique result, though it was missing in the original options; it is provided here under a minimal repair so the puzzle remains solvable per the Recovery-First Policy.

Given Data / Assumptions:

• 583 → 488 because 5 − 1 = 4, 8 + 0 = 8, 3 + 5 = 8.
• Apply the identical digit-wise rule to 293.

Concept / Approach:
Maintain positional operations (hundreds, tens, units) exactly. Do not mix cross-place operations.

Step-by-Step Solution:
1) From 583 → 488 infer: H: −1; T: +0; U: +5.2) For 293: H: 2 − 1 = 1; T: 9 + 0 = 9; U: 3 + 5 = 8.3) Therefore 293 → 198.

Verification / Alternative check:
Reverse-checking 198 with the inverse operations returns 293, confirming consistency.

Why Other Options Are Wrong:

• 581, 291, 378, 487: None follow the exact per-place transformation inferred from the exemplar.

Common Pitfalls:
Applying a single arithmetic change to the whole number rather than consistent per-digit rules; analogy consistency requires identical operations by place value.

Final Answer:
198