Statement and Assumption problems
- 1. Statement: "Use Riya cold cream for fair complexion." - An advertisement.
Assumptions:
- People like to use cream for fair complexion.
- People are easily fooled.
- People respond to advertisements.
Options- A. Only I is implicit
- B. Only I and II are implicit
- C. Only II is implicit
- D. Only I and III are implicit
- E. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: Only I and III are implicit
Explanation:
Assumption I follows from the statement and so it is implicit. II is vague and so it is not implicit. Also, advertisements are given with the hope that people would know the qualities of the product and buy it. So, III is implicit.
- 2. Statement: Quality of life of a person is not dependent only on his wealth.
Assumptions:
- The aim of most people is just to acquire more wealth.
- There are some factors other than wealth which contribute to the quality of life.
- Wealth does not contribute to the quality of life at all.
Options- A. Only I is implicit
- B. Only I and II are implicit
- C. Only II is implicit
- D. Only II and III are implicit
- E. Only I and III are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only II is implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, I does not follow from the statement. So, it is not implicit. The statement mentions that quality of life does not depend only on wealth. This means that there are some other factors as well, which govern the quality of life. But this does not imply that wealth does not contribute at all. So, II is implicit while III is not.
- 3. Statement: The civic authority has decided that all the factories located inside the city limits be shifted outside to reduce the level of environmental pollution in the city.
Assumptions:
- The pollution level in the city in future may reduce after these factories are shifted outside the city limit.
- Enough usable land is available outside the city limit for these factories.
- Many of these factories may shift to some other smaller towns to remain profitable.
Options- A. Only I is implicit
- B. Only I and II are implicit
- C. Only II is implicit
- D. Only II and III are implicit
- E. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: Only I and II are implicit
Explanation:
I directly follows from the statement and so is implicit. The decision to shift factories on the outskirts of the city must have been taken after taking into account the availability of land there So, II is implicit. Nothing can be assumed as to what strategy would the factory owners adopt in future. So, III is not implicit.
- 4. Statement: State Council For Teacher Education (SCTE) has laid down guidelines in respect of minimum qualifications for a person to be employed as a teacher in universities or in recognised institutions.
Assumptions:
- The authorities will now appoint only qualified teachers.
- Only qualified people will apply for the teaching post.
- SCTE decides all the norms of educational qualifications for teaching faculty.
Options- A. None is implicit
- B. Only I is implicit
- C. Only I and II are implicit
- D. Only I and III are implicit
- E. All are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: All are implicit
Explanation:
Since the SCTE has laid down the necessary qualifications for a person to be employed as a teacher in all universities and institutions, so all are implicit.
- 5. Statement: Considering the tickets sold during the last seven days, the circus authorities decided to continue the show for another fortnight which includes two weekends.
Assumptions:
- People may not turn up on weekdays.
- The average number of people who will be visiting circus will be more or less same as that of the last seven days.
- There may not be enough response at other places.
Options- A. All are implicit
- B. None is implicit
- C. Only II is implicit
- D. Only I and II are implicit
- E. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: Only II is implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, the fortnight would include weekdays also. So, I is not implicit. Also, the authorities decided to continue the show with the hope that people would visit the circus in the same numbers as they had done in the last seven days. So, II is implicit. III is vague and so is not implicit.
- 6. Statement: Give this packet to Mr. X at his residence and return immediately. In case you are likely to be late inform me - Mr. A tells his clerk.
Assumptions:
- The clerk never informs about his late coming.
- The clerk may not obey Mr. As instructions.
- The clerk may not inform his late coming unless instructed.
Options- A. Only I and II are implicit
- B. Only II and III are implicit
- C. Only I and III are implicit
- D. Only III is implicit
- E. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: Only III is implicit
Explanation:
Clearly, the statement is merely a reminder. So, I is not implicit. Besides, the clerk is expected to execute his boss' order. So, II is not implicit. Also, a hunch that the clerk may not inform about his late coming has led Mr. A to instruct the clerk to do so. So, III is implicit.
- 7. Statement: An advertisement: Now you can own a new car in just Rs. 1,999 per month.
Assumptions:
- People aspire for owning a car.
- People do not want to buy used cars.
- Most people can afford to pay Rs. 1,999 per month for a new car.
Options- A. Only I and II are implicit
- B. Only II and III are implicit
- C. Only I and III are implicit
- D. All are implicit
- E. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: All are implicit
Explanation:
The advertisement has been given seeing the demand for cars. So, I is implicit. The advertisement stresses on 'owning a new car'. This implies that people would prefer to buy a new car rather than a used one, provided it suits their budget. So, II is implicit. The words 'just Rs. 1,999 per month' in the statement make III implicit.
- 8. Statement: The company has recently announced a series of incentives to the employees who are punctual and sincere.
Assumptions:
- Those who are not punctual at present may get motivated by the announcement.
- The productivity of the company may increase.
- The profit earned by the company may be more than the amount to be spent for the incentive programmes.
Options- A. Only I and II are implicit
- B. None is implicit
- C. Only II and III are implicit
- D. All are implicit
- E. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: Only I and II are implicit
Explanation:
Announcing incentives for punctual and sincere employees would surely motivate more and more employees to be punctual, and this will ensure productivity. So, both I and II are implicit. However, the statement does not give any information about the profit earned by the company. So, III is not implicit.
- 9. Statement: The economic condition continues to be critical even after a good harvest season.
Assumptions:
- The economic condition was not critical before the harvest season.
- The economic condition could not have improved without a good harvest season.
- The economic condition was expected to improve after a good harvest season.
Options- A. Only I and II are implicit
- B. Only II is implicit
- C. Only II and III are implicit
- D. Only III is implicit
- E. Only I and III are implicit Discuss
Correct Answer: Only III is implicit
Explanation:
It is mentioned that 'the economic condition continues to be critical'. This means that it was critical before the harvest season also. So, I is not implicit. Also, the statement does not imply that only a good harvest season could improve the economic condition. So, II is not implicit. However, since a surprise has been expressed over the condition being critical even after a good harvest season, it means that it was expected to improve after a good harvest season. So, III is implicit.
- 10. Statement: The X passenger car manufacturing company announced a sharp reduction in the prices of its luxury cars.
Assumptions:
- There may be an increase in the sale of luxury cars of Company X.
- The other such car manufacturers may also reduce their prices.
- The competitor companies may not reduce their prices.
Options- A. Only I is implicit
- B. Only I and II are implicit
- C. None is implicit
- D. Only I and III are implicit
- E. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: None of these
Explanation:
The reduction in prices is clearly a step to promote sales of the company. So, I is implicit. However, other companies may or may not follow the same pursuit. So, either II or III is implicit.
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