A and B entered a partnership investing ? 16000 and ? 12000, respectively. After 3 months A takes out ? 5000, while B puts in ? 5000 more. After 3 months more. C joins the business with a capital of ? 21000. After a year, they earned a profit of ? 13200. By what value does the share of B exceeds the share of C?

Let investment of B be a for b months.
Then, A's investment = 3a for 2b months
? A : B = (3a x 2b) : (a x b) = 6ab : ab = 6 : 1

Let the total profit = m.
Then. m x 1/7 = 6000
? m = 6000 x 7 = ? 42000
? 20% of 42000 = ? 8400

Given. ratio = 7/2 : 4/3 : 6/5
= (7/2) x 30 : (4/3) x 30 : (6/5) x 30
= 105 : 40 : 36

Let investment of Amitabh = 105k
Investment of Kamlesh = 36k

Ratio of their investments
= [105k x 4 + 150% x8 of 105k] : (40k x 12) : (36k x 12)
= (420k + (150/100) x 105k x 8) : (480k) : (432k)
= (1680k) : (480k) : (432k)
= 35 : 10 : 9

? Brijesh's share
= (21600 x 10) / (35 + 10 + 9)
= (21600 x 10) / 54
= ? 4000

Let investment of Amit = 12k
and investment of Brijesh = 11k
Let Brijesh invested the money for N months.

Then,
Amit's investment : Brijesh's investment
= (12k x 11) : (11k x N) = 132k : 11kN = 12 : N
? 12/N = 4/1 [ ? ratio of profit is 4 : 1]
? 4N = 12
? N = 12/4 = 3 months
Clearly, Brijesh invested money for 3 months.

Let the annual profit be ? N Then, ? (N - 120) will be distributed between A and B as their shares of profit.
Ratio of profits = Ratio of investments So, A : B = 3000 : 4000 = 3 : 4
? A's share = 120 + (N - 120) x 3/7
? 120 + (N - 120) x 3/7 = 390
? (N - 120) x 3/7 = 390 - 120 = 270
? N - 120 = (270 x 7)/3 = 630
? B's share = 4/7 x (N - 120)
= (4/7) x 630 = ? 360

Q gets 2/7 of the profit.
? P gets(1 - 2/7) = 5/7 of the profit
? P : Q = 5/7 : 2/7 = 5 : 2
Let the contribution of Q be a.
Then, 8000 x 8 : a x 4 = 5 : 2
? 64000/4a = 5/2
? 20a = 128000
? a = 128000/20 = ? 6400

The difference counts only due to 40% of the profit which was distributed according to their investments.

Let total profit = R.
40% of R is distributed in the ratio, 125000 : 85000 = 25 : 17

Share of 1st partner = 40% of R x25/(25 + 17)
= 40% of 25R/42 = (40/100) x (25R/42) = 5R/21

Share of 2nd partner
= 40% of 17R/42 = (40/100) x (17R/42) = 17R/105

Now according to the question
5R/21 - 17R/105 = 600
? R(25 - 17)/105 = 600
? R = (600 x 105)/8
= ? 7875

Let us assume the ratio factor is x.
According to question,
Quantity of milk = 4x liters and Quantity of Water = x liters.
According to question,
4x + x = 45
? 5x = 45
? x = 9
Quantity of milk = 4x = 9 x 4 = 36 liters
Quantity of water = x = 9 liters
Let y liters of water be added to make the ratio 3:2
Then,
36/(9 + y) = 3/2
? 72 = 27 + 3y
? y = 15 liters
If you add 15 liters of water, the ratio will become 3:2.

Let us assume the number of boys = B and number of girls = G.
According to question,
B + G = 30
Lets us assume total weight of boys = W1 and total weight of girls = W2
average weight of boys = total weight of boys/number of boys
total weight of boys/number of boys = 20
W1/B = 20
W1 = 20B

average weight of girls = total weight of girls/number of girls
25 = W2/G
W2 = 25G

Data is not sufficient to solve the equation.
since we do not know either the average weight of the whole class or the ratio of no. of boys to girls.

Method 1 to solve the equation.
Let us assume Cost Price (C.P) of 1 liter milk be Y rupees.
According to question,
Selling Price (S.P) of 1 liter of mixture Y rupees. (Selling price should be same as Cost price)
Profit = 50/3 %
Let us assume Cost price of 1 Liter of Mixture of Water and Milk = C
Cost price of 1 Liter of Mixture of Water and Milk = Selling price of Mixture - Profit
C = Y - C x 50/3%
? C = Y - C x 50/3x100
? C = Y - C x 1/3x2
? C = Y - C/6
? Y = C + C/6
? Y = (6C + C)/6
? Y = (6C + C)/6
? Y = 7C/6
? C = 6Y/7
Since in Y rupees we will get 1 liter milk.
Hence in 1 rupees we will get 1/Y liter milk.
Hence in 6Y/7 rupees we will get 1 x 6Y/7 x Y liter milk.
Hence in 6Y/7 rupees we will get 6/7 liter milk.
We need 1 liter mixture of milk and water for sold on the same price, we need to mix the water.
So water quantity in mixture = 1 - 6/7 = 1/7

Ratio of Milk and water in mixture = quantity of Milk in Mixture/quantity of Water in Mixture
Ratio of Milk and water in mixture = 6/7 / 1/7
Ratio of Milk and water in mixture = 6 x 7 / 7
Ratio of Milk and water in mixture = 6 / 1
Ratio of Milk and water in mixture = 6 : 1

Method 2 to solve the question.
Let the original amount of milk be 1 liter and the cost price is 1 rupees per liter.
Cost price of milk = 1 rupees.
Selling price of Mixture = 1 rupees.
When the milk is mix with x liters of water milk remaining is 1- x.
Let us assume the cost price of milk in mixture is Y and given that the Sold Price is 1.
we should use the Profit formula in algebra,
Y + Y x 50/3 % = 1
Y + Y x 50/3 x 100 = 1
Y + Y x /3 x 2 = 1
7Y/6 = 1
Y = 6/7
Y = 6/7 is the cost price of Mixture for 1 liter.
Since water is free so there is not cost of water in mixture. So price of milk is 6/7 rs in mixture.
Since as per question,
In 1 rupees we will get 1 liter of milk.
hence in 6/7 rupees we will get 1 x 6/7 = 6/7 liter of milk.
Now we have to make 1 liter of mixture with water and milk.
quantity of Water + Quantity of Milk = 1 liter
quantity of Water + 6/7 = 1
quantity of Water = 1 - 6/7 = (7 - 6)/7
quantity of Water = 1/7
Ratio of milk and Water = Quantity of Milk / quantity of Water
Ratio of milk and Water = (6/7) / (1/7)
Ratio of milk and Water = (6/7) x (7/1)
Ratio of milk and Water = 6 x 7/ 7 x 1
Ratio of milk and Water = 6 :1

Method 1 to solve the equation.
Let us assume the number of liters of the 90% purity solution = A
and the number of liters of the 97% purity solution = B.
According to question,
Since there are 21 liters of the solution,
A + B = 21 ...................... (1)
Since after mixing the two solutions the new mixture has 94% purity,
Concentrate of A + Concentrate of B = Concentrate of (A + B)
A x 90% + B x 94% = (A+ B) x 97%
? A x 90/100 + B x 97/100 = (A + B) x 94/100
? 90A + 97B = (A + B) x 94
? 90A + 97B = 94A + 94B
? 94A + 94B - 90A- 97B = 0
? 4A - 3B = 0 ........................(2)
Multiply the 3 with Equation (1) and add with Equation (2),
3A + 3B + 4A - 3B = 63 + 0
? 7A = 63
? A = 63/7 = 9
Put the value of A in Equation (1) , we will get
9 + B = 21
B = 21 - 9
B = 12
The first solution would be A = 9 liters.

Method 2 to solve the equation.
Hit and trail method.
94% is closer to 97% but barely meaning the mixtures will not be equal parts but will be slightly more of the higher purity. Quickly eliminate A and B. Out of the others 9 is the easy choice. If the other choices were closer to half this wouldn't work.