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Home ‣ Java Programming ‣ Assertions See What Others Are Saying!
- Question
Which statement is true?
Options- A. Assertions can be enabled or disabled on a class-by-class basis.
- B. Conditional compilation is used to allow tested classes to run at full speed.
- C. Assertions are appropriate for checking the validity of arguments in a method.
- D. The programmer can choose to execute a return statement or to throw an exception if an assertion fails.
- Correct Answer
- Assertions can be enabled or disabled on a class-by-class basis.
ExplanationOption A is correct. The assertion status can be set for a named top-level class and any nested classes contained therein. This setting takes precedence over the class loader's default assertion status, and over any applicable per-package default. If the named class is not a top-level class, the change of status will have no effect on the actual assertion status of any class.Option B is wrong. Is there such a thing as conditional compilation in Java?
Option C is wrong. For private methods - yes. But do not use assertions to check the parameters of a public method. An assert is inappropriate in public methods because the method guarantees that it will always enforce the argument checks. A public method must check its arguments whether or not assertions are enabled. Further, the assert construct does not throw an exception of the specified type. It can throw only an AssertionError.
Option D is wrong. Because you're never supposed to handle an assertion failure. That means don't catch it with a catch clause and attempt to recover.
More questions
- 1. When is the B object, created in line 3, eligible for garbage collection?
void start() { A a = new A(); B b = new B(); a.s(b); b = null; /* Line 5 */ a = null; /* Line 6 */ System.out.println("start completed"); /* Line 7 */ }
Options- A. after line 5
- B. after line 6
- C. after line 7
- D. There is no way to be absolutely certain. Discuss
Correct Answer: There is no way to be absolutely certain.
- 2. Which is a reserved word in the Java programming language?
Options- A. method
- B. native
- C. subclasses
- D. reference
- E. array Discuss
Correct Answer: native
Explanation:
The word "native" is a valid keyword, used to modify a method declaration.Option A, D and E are not keywords. Option C is wrong because the keyword for subclassing in Java is extends, not 'subclasses'.
- 3. Which statement is true for the class java.util.ArrayList?
Options- A. The elements in the collection are ordered.
- B. The collection is guaranteed to be immutable.
- C. The elements in the collection are guaranteed to be unique.
- D. The elements in the collection are accessed using a unique key. Discuss
Correct Answer: The elements in the collection are ordered.
Explanation:
Yes, always the elements in the collection are ordered.- 4. What will be the output of the program?
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { final StringBuffer a = new StringBuffer(); final StringBuffer b = new StringBuffer(); new Thread() { public void run() { System.out.print(a.append("A")); synchronized(b) { System.out.print(b.append("B")); } } }.start(); new Thread() { public void run() { System.out.print(b.append("C")); synchronized(a) { System.out.print(a.append("D")); } } }.start(); } }
Options- A. ACCBAD
- B. ABBCAD
- C. CDDACB
- D. Indeterminate output Discuss
Correct Answer: Indeterminate output
Explanation:
It gives different output while executing the same compiled code at different times.- 5. Which is true about a method-local inner class?
Options- A. It must be marked final.
- B. It can be marked abstract.
- C. It can be marked public.
- D. It can be marked static. Discuss
Correct Answer: It can be marked abstract.
Explanation:
Option B is correct because a method-local inner class can be abstract, although it means a subclass of the inner class must be created if the abstract class is to be used (so an abstract method-local inner class is probably not useful).Option A is incorrect because a method-local inner class does not have to be declared final (although it is legal to do so).
C and D are incorrect because a method-local inner class cannot be made public (remember-you cannot mark any local variables as public), or static.
- 6. Given that all methods of class FileOutputStream, including close(), throw an IOException, which of these is true?
import java.io.*; public class MyProgram { public static void main(String args[]) { FileOutputStream out = null; try { out = new FileOutputStream("test.txt"); out.write(122); } catch(IOException io) { System.out.println("IO Error."); } finally { out.close(); } } }
Options- A. This program will compile successfully.
- B. This program fails to compile due to an error at line 4.
- C. This program fails to compile due to an error at line 6.
- D. This program fails to compile due to an error at line 18. Discuss
Correct Answer: This program fails to compile due to an error at line 18.
Explanation:
Any method (in this case, the main() method) that throws a checked exception (in this case, out.close() ) must be called within a try clause, or the method must declare that it throws the exception. Either main() must declare that it throws an exception, or the call to out.close() in the finally block must fall inside a (in this case nested) try-catch block.- 7. What will be the output of the program?
public class Test { public static void main(String [] args) { int I = 1; do while ( I < 1 ) System.out.print("I is " + I); while ( I > 1 ) ; } }
Options- A. I is 1
- B. I is 1 I is 1
- C. No output is produced.
- D. Compilation error Discuss
Correct Answer: No output is produced.
Explanation:
There are two different looping constructs in this problem. The first is a do-while loop and the second is a while loop, nested inside the do-while. The body of the do-while is only a single statement-brackets are not needed. You are assured that the while expression will be evaluated at least once, followed by an evaluation of the do-while expression. Both expressions are false and no output is produced.- 8. What will be the output of the program?
class MyThread extends Thread { public static void main(String [] args) { MyThread t = new MyThread(); Thread x = new Thread(t); x.start(); /* Line 7 */ } public void run() { for(int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) { System.out.print(i + ".."); } } }
Options- A. Compilation fails.
- B. 1..2..3..
- C. 0..1..2..3..
- D. 0..1..2.. Discuss
Correct Answer: 0..1..2..
Explanation:
The thread MyThread will start and loop three times (from 0 to 2).Option A is incorrect because the Thread class implements the Runnable interface; therefore, in line 7, Thread can take an object of type Thread as an argument in the constructor.
Option B and C are incorrect because the variable i in the for loop starts with a value of 0 and ends with a value of 2.
- 9. Which of the following is/are legal method declarations?
- protected abstract void m1();
- static final void m1(){}
- synchronized public final void m1() {}
- private native void m1();
Options- A. 1 and 3
- B. 2 and 4
- C. 1 only
- D. All of them are legal declarations. Discuss
Correct Answer: All of them are legal declarations.
Explanation:
All the given statements are legal declarations.- 10. Which three statements are true?
- f1 == f2
- f1 == f3
- f2 == f1[1]
- x == f1[0]
- f == f1[0]
import java.awt.Button; class CompareReference { public static void main(String [] args) { float f = 42.0f; float [] f1 = new float[2]; float [] f2 = new float[2]; float [] f3 = f1; long x = 42; f1[0] = 42.0f; } }
Options- A. 1, 2 and 3
- B. 2, 4 and 5
- C. 3, 4 and 5
- D. 1, 4 and 5 Discuss
Correct Answer: 2, 4 and 5
Explanation:
(2) is correct because the reference variables f1 and f3 refer to the same array object.(4) is correct because it is legal to compare integer and floating-point types.
(5) is correct because it is legal to compare a variable with an array element.
(3) is incorrect because f2 is an array object and f1[1] is an array element.
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- 1. When is the B object, created in line 3, eligible for garbage collection?