4. The ratio of the effective lengths of two columns, one effectively held in position at one end and partially restrained at the other end, and the other effectively held in position at one end and free at the other end, is
8. Pick up the correct statement applicable to cased columns.
Options
A. Single I-beam or channels back with or without flange plates may be used
B. The overall dimensions of the steel section do not exceed 750 x 450 mm over plate if used
C. The column is unpainted and is solidly encased in ordinary dense concrete with 10 mm aggregates having a minimum of cube strength 160 kg/cm2 at 28 days
D. The surface and edges of the steel column should be provided a concrete cover not less than 50 mm
9. The ratio of the effective length to the least radius of gyration of a tie member of a roof truss, which gets subjected to reversal of stress shall not exceed