3. When the retained material is subjected to some superimposed or surcharged load, the total horizontal pressure due to surcharged load is (where p = Intensity of the supercharged load)
4. Two solid shafts 'A' and 'B' are made of the same material. The shaft 'A' is of 50 mm diameter and shaft 'B' is of 100 mm diameter. The strength of shaft 'B' is __________ as that of shaft A.
10. The shear force of a cantilever beam of length l and carrying a gradually varying load from zero at the free end and w per unit length at the fixed end is __________ at the fixed end.
