8. A ship with jet propulsion draws water through inlet orifices at right angles to the direction of its motion. The propelling force of the jet is (where a = Area of the jet, Vr = Relative velocity of the jet and ship = V + v, v = Velocity of the ship, and V = Velocity of the jet issuing from the ship)
9. Discharge (Q) of a centrifugal pump is given by (where D = Diameter of impeller at inlet, b = Width of impeller at inlet, and Vf = Velocity of flow at inlet)