A waiter's salary consists of his salary and tips. During one week his tips were 5/4 of his salary. What fraction of his income came from tips?

Manick's present age = 12 years, Rahul's present age = 4 years.

Let Manick be twice as old as Rahul after x years from now.

Then, 12 + x = 2 (4 + x) ⟺ 12 + x = 8 + 2x ⟺ x = 4.

Hence, Manick's required age = 12 + x = 16 years.

'All but nine died' means 'All except nine died' i.e. 9 sheep remained alive.

Let the number of boys and girls participating in sports be 3x and 2x respectively.

Then, 3x = 15 or x = 5.

So, number of girls participating in sports = 2x = 10.

Number of students not participating in sports = 60 - (15 + 10) = 35.

Let number of boys not participating in sports be y.

Then, number of girls not participating in sports = (35 -y).

Therefore (35 - y) = y + 5 ⟺ 2y ⟺ 30 ⟺ y = 15.

So, number of girls not participating in sports = (35 - 15) = 20.

Hence, total number of girls in the class = (10 + 20) = 30.

Let Rs. x be the fare of city B from city A and Rs. y be the fare of city C from city A.

Then, 2x + 3y = 77 ...(i) and

3x + 2y = 73 ...(ii)

Multiplying (i) by 3 and (ii) by 2 and subtracting, we get: 5y = 85 or y = 17.

Putting y = 17 in (i), we get: x = 13.

Let number of notes of each denomination be x.

Then, x + 5x + 10x = 480 ⟺ 16x = 480 ⟺ x = 30.

Hence, total number of notes = 3x = 90.

Let money with Ken = x. Then, money with Mac = x + £ 3.

Now, 3x = (x + x + £ 3) + £ 2 ⟺ x = £ 5.

Therefore Total money with Mac and Ken = 2x + £ 3 = £ 13.

Ayush's present age = 10 years.

His mother's present age = (10 + 20) years = 30 years.

Ayush's father's present age = (30 + 5) years = 35 years.

Ayush's father's age at the time of Ayush's birth = (35 - 10) years = 25 years.

Therefore Ayush's father's age at the time of marriage = (25 - 2) years = 23 years.