The first Premise is Universal Affirmative (A-type)
The second Premise is Universal Negative (E-type).
All pens are pencils. ? No pencil is an eraser.
A + E ? E-type of Conclusion "No pen is an eraser".
This is Conclusion II.
Conclusion I is the Converse
First and second Premises are Particular Affirmative (I-type).
Third Premise is Universal Affirmative (A-type).
Some rivers are deserts. All deserts are roads.
I + A ? I-type of Conclusion "Some rivers are roads."
Conclusion I is Converse of it.
First Premise is Universal Affirmative (A-type).
Second Premise is Universal Negative (E-type).
All men are employed. ? No employees are professionals.
A + E ? E-type of Conclusion. ''No man is professional.''
This is Conclusion II.
First Premise is Particular Affirmative (I-type).
Second Premise is Universal Affirmative (A-type).
Some shops are rooms. ? All rooms are kitchens.
I + A ? I-type of Conclusion "Some shops are kitchens."
This is the Conclusion II.
Conclusion III is the Converse of the first Premise.
First Premise is Particular Affirmative ( ? type).
Second Premise is Universal Affirmative (A ? type).
Some monkeys are dogs. ? All dogs are cats.
I + A ? I?type of Conclusion "Some monkeys are cats."
This is Conclusion I.
First Premise is Universal Affirmative (A?type).
Second Premise is Particular Affirmative (I?type).
Some grapes are fruits. ? All fruits are leaves.
I + A ? I?type of Conclusion "Some grapes are leaves."
Conclusion I is the Converse of it.
Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A-type).
All books are trees. ? All trees are lions.
A + A ? A-type of Conclusion "All books are lions".
This is Conclusion I. Conclusion IV is the Converse of it.
Therefore, Conclusion I and Conclusion IV follow.
First Premise is Particular Affirmative (I?type).
Second Premise is Universal Negative (E?type).
Some bags are pockets. ? No pocket is a pouch.
I + E ? O?type of Conclusion "Some bags are not pouches."
This is Conclusion I.
Conclusion II is Converse of the first Premise.
First Premise is Universal Negative (E-type).
Second Premise is Particular Affirmative (I-type)
Some politicians are women. ? No woman can vote.
I + E ? O-tye of Conclusion "Some politicians cannot vote."
Thus, neither Conclusion I nor Conclusion II follows.
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