If A is a beggar, then A is not rich.
Both the Premises are Universal Affirmative (A - type). These two Premises are not aligned. Now take the Converse of one of the Premises to align them.
All men (without exception) are mortal. And, Ramu is a man. Therefore, Ramu is mortal.
First statement is Particular Affirmative (I-type).
Second statement is Universal Affirmative (A-type)
Both the statements are already aligned. Thus,
Some Indians are educated. ? All Educated men prefer small families.
We know that,
I + A ? I-type Conclusion. Therefore, our derived Conclusion would be: "Some Indians prefer small families.
Venn-diagrams
No woman plays badminton. Therefore, no woman plays tennis.
Statements 1 and 4 are more or less similar.
All tall people cannot be players.
So, Statement 2 seems to be true.
Since some of Murphy radios are sold in that shop which sells high standard radios. Therefore, some of the Murphy radios are of high standard.
We can align the premises by converting the second premise.
All children are playful. ? some playfuls are animals.
We know that,
A + I ? No conclusion.
First Premise is Particular Affirmative (I - type).
Second Premise is Universal Negative (E - type).
Some skirts are benches. ? No bench is a table.
I + E ? O ? type of Conclusion "Some skirts are not tables."
Conclusion II is Converse of the first Premise.
First Premise is Universal Affirmative (A?type).
Second Premise is Universal Negative (E?type).
All pens are pencils. ? No pencil is monkey.
A + E = E-type of Conclusion "No pen is monkey".
This is Conclusion I.
All the three Premises are Universal Affirmative (A-type).
All dogs are rats. ? All rats are crows.
A + A ? A-type of Conclusion "All dogs are crows."
Conclusion III is converse of it.
All rats are crows. ? All crows are parrots.
A + A ? A-type of Conclusion "All rats are parrots."
All dogs are crows. ? All crows are parrots.
A + A ? A-type of Conclusion "All dogs are parrots."
This is Conclusion I.
Conclusion II is converse of it.
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