Difficulty: Easy
Correct Answer: 0.2
Explanation:
Introduction / Context:
Although placed under an alphabet-test subcategory, this question is actually a numerical series problem. The given sequence is 0.05, -0.1, ?, -0.4, 0.8. You need to identify the underlying pattern and then find the missing number that fits into the third position.
Given Data / Assumptions:
Concept / Approach:
A common strategy in decimal and sign-changing series is to check whether each term is obtained by multiplying the previous term by a constant factor, possibly with a sign reversal. We therefore test for a constant multiplier between consecutive terms. If such a multiplier is found between the known pairs, we apply it to compute the missing term.
Step-by-Step Solution:
Step 1: Examine the first two known terms, 0.05 and -0.1.
Compute the ratio: -0.1 / 0.05 = -2. So the second term is obtained by multiplying the first term by -2.
Step 2: Check another pair of known terms, say -0.4 and 0.8.
Compute the ratio: 0.8 / (-0.4) = -2. So the fifth term is obtained from the fourth by multiplying by -2.
Step 3: The pattern appears to be: each term = previous term * (-2).
Step 4: Use this pattern to compute the missing third term.
Third term = second term * (-2) = (-0.1) * (-2) = 0.2.
Step 5: Check consistency: the fourth term should be the third term multiplied by -2.
Fourth term = 0.2 * (-2) = -0.4, which matches the given series.
Verification / Alternative check:
We can write the full series with the missing term filled: 0.05, -0.1, 0.2, -0.4, 0.8. Each step is multiplication by -2:
0.05 * (-2) = -0.1
-0.1 * (-2) = 0.2
0.2 * (-2) = -0.4
-0.4 * (-2) = 0.8
This perfectly confirms the rule and validates 0.2 as the missing term.
Why Other Options Are Wrong:
Option A (-0.2): If the third term were -0.2, then the multiplier from -0.1 to -0.2 would be 2, which would not match the -2 multiplier found elsewhere.
Option B (0.25): The ratio -0.1 to 0.25 would be -2.5, not consistent with the rest of the sequence.
Option C (-0.25): This would again break the consistent factor of -2 that fits the other known terms.
Common Pitfalls:
One common error is to look only at differences (subtraction) instead of ratios, even when the pattern clearly involves multiplication and sign changes. Another pitfall is to overlook the sign pattern and focus solely on magnitudes. Always consider both the magnitude and the sign when dealing with alternating positive and negative terms.
Final Answer:
The missing number that completes the series is 0.2, which corresponds to option D.
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