Reason (R): A quarter wave transformer is a transmission line of quarter wave length.
If
A quarter wave line can match a source impedance Zin with load impedance ZL by selecting a proper value of Z0 so as to satisfy equation.
Such a line is also called transformer.
Reason (R): If the conductors of a line are immersed in a non magnetic insulating liquid, the wave velocity increases.
Reason (R): A PIN diode uses heavily doped p and n materials.
The effective/width of depletion layer increases by the width of i layer. It can be used as a voltage controlled attenuator.
At high frequencies the rectification effect ceases and impedance of diode is effectively that of i layer.
This impedance varies with the applied bias. It is used in high frequency switching circuits, limiters, modulators etc.
Input impedance =. If ZL = Z0 the input impedance = Z0.
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