1. In a step down chopper using time ratio control, the input voltage is V and duty cycle is a. The load is purely resistive having resistance R. The average and rms load currents are
6. A separately excited dc motor is run from a dc source through a chopper. At 600 rpm and rated torque, the duty cycle of chopper is 0.8. At 600 rpm and half the rated torque, the duty cycle is likely to be