The dielectric constant of ferroelectric materials can be expressed by the equation

For stable system exponential must be -ve so that a < 0.

f(x - v_ot) represents in +ve direction while f(x + v_ot) represents a progressive wave in -ve direction.

P_m = kT₀?_f(F - 1) = 93.15 x 10^-15 W.

else is not allowed as variable name in C.

Current gain = 1 + ? = 100.

Since load voltage is zero, the current is zero and diode is open-circuited. If load was open-circuited, load voltage would be about 9 V.

Some applications require dual polarization capability. Circular waveguide has this capability.

These analysis uses cylindrical coordinates.

In circular waveguide TE₁₁ mode has the lowest cut off frequency and is the dominant mode.

If D is diameter of waveguide

?_c = 1.706 D for TE₁₁ mode

?_c = 1.029 D for TE₂₁ mode

?_c = 0.82 D for TE₀₁ mode

?_c = 1.306 D for TM₀₁ mode.