4. The greatest eccentricity which a load W can have without producing tension on the cross-section of a short column of external diameter D and internal diameter d, is
7. A three hinged parabolic arch hinged at the crown and springings, has a horizontal span of 4.8 m and a central rise of 1 m. It carries a uniformly distributed load of 0.75 tonne per metre over half left hand span. The horizontal thrust at the support will be