If P, Y and Z are the weights of cement, fine aggregates and coarse aggregates respetively and W/C is the water cement ratio, the minimum quantity of water to be added to first batch, is obtained by the equation
2. The economical depth d of a web plate in which allowable bearing stress is fb, and the maximum bending moment is M, as suggested by Rawater and Clark, is
3. If q is the discharge per unit width of a channel and D1D2 are the depths of water before and after hydraulic jump, the following relationship is true