Statement: Should class IV children have Board examination?

Arguments:

1. Yes. This will motivate the children to study and get higher marks, and thus more knowledge can be imbibed at a younger age.
2. No. The children will be forced to study and won't enjoy the process.
3. Yes. In today's competitive world the children need to be prepared right from the beginning to face such difficult examinations.
4. No. This will add pressure on tender aged children and leave very little time for them to play.

The passage discusses the relationship between individual goals and organisational goals, emphasizing that employee work motivation links these two. Here's the analysis of the options based on the passage:

1. Option A - encourages an individual to give priority to personal goals over organisational goals:
   • The passage suggests that personal goals and organisational goals are interdependent, and individuals contribute to organisational goals as a means to achieve their personal goals. However, it does not explicitly state that personal goals should take priority over organisational goals.
   • This option is not fully supported by the passage.
2. Option B - is crucial for the survival of an individual and organisation:
   • The passage implies that motivation is important for achieving both personal and organisational goals, but it does not directly state that motivation is "crucial for survival" in a general sense.
   • This option is partially supported but not entirely in line with the passage's focus.
3. Option C - is the product of an individual's physical and mental energy:
   • The passage does not mention that motivation is a product of physical and mental energy. Instead, it talks about motivation as a driving force for achieving goals.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
4. Option D - is the external force which induces an individual to contribute his efforts:
   • The passage discusses motivation in terms of personal goals being linked to organisational objectives. While motivation is an internal force, the passage does not describe it as an "external force" inducing efforts.
   • This option is not fully supported by the passage.
5. Option E - makes organisation and society inseparable:
   • The passage does not discuss the relationship between organisation and society, so this option is not relevant to the passage.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
6. Final Answer:
   • The most suitable option based on the passage is B. is crucial for the survival of an individual and organisation.

The passage discusses the lucrative nature of smuggling, the vast coastline of India, and the enforcement authorities' attempts to curb smuggling, but it also highlights that smugglers continue to make huge profits despite these efforts. Here's the analysis of the options based on the passage:

1. Option A - smuggling hampers the economic development of a nation:
   • The passage does not specifically discuss the impact of smuggling on the economic development of the nation. It focuses on the profits involved and the efforts to curb smuggling, but it does not mention the broader economic consequences.
   • This option is not directly supported by the passage.
2. Option B - smuggling ought to be curbed:
   • While the passage indicates that the authorities are making some efforts to curb smuggling, it does not explicitly state that smuggling "ought to be curbed." The focus is more on the smuggling activities and profits, rather than on a recommendation or statement about curbing it.
   • This option is partially supported, but not the strongest answer.
3. Option C - authorities are taking strict measures to curb smuggling:
   • The passage mentions that there have been seizures made by enforcement authorities during raids and ambushes. However, it also states that despite these efforts, smugglers are still making huge profits, implying that these efforts may not be fully effective.
   • This option is partially supported but not fully aligned with the passage's description of the authorities' efforts.
4. Option D - smuggling is fast increasing in our country owing to the quick profit it entails:
   • The passage emphasizes the enormous profits involved in smuggling and the attraction it holds for individuals, with some becoming millionaires overnight. It also points out the ongoing smuggling activities despite the enforcement efforts, which suggests that smuggling is increasing due to the quick profits it brings.
   • This option is strongly supported by the passage.
5. Final Answer:
   • The best supported statement by the passage is D. smuggling is fast increasing in our country owing to the quick profit it entails.

The passage discusses the large waste of time and expenditure on fashions, yet acknowledges that fashions are here to stay. It then suggests that efforts should be made to reduce the excessive craze for fashion among youngsters. Here's the analysis of the options based on the passage:

1. Option A - fashion is the need of the day:
   • The passage does not state that fashion is the need of the day. It talks about how fashion has become a part of life, but it also highlights the excessive craze and the need to curb it among youngsters.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
2. Option B - the excessive craze for fashion is detrimental to one's personality:
   • While the passage mentions the excessive craze for fashion, it doesn't explicitly say that it is detrimental to one's personality. It focuses more on the need to displace the craze, rather than its impact on personality.
   • This option is not directly supported by the passage, though it aligns with the general idea of curbing excessive obsession with fashion.
3. Option C - the hoard for fashion should be done away with so as not to let down the constructive development:
   • The passage suggests that strong efforts should be made to reduce the craze for fashion, implying that such efforts are necessary for the constructive development of youngsters, though it doesn't explicitly mention "hoard" or "let down constructive development." It focuses on displacing the excessive craze.
   • This option is partially supported, as it closely aligns with the passage's idea of reducing the craze for fashion.
4. Option D - work and other activities should be valued more than the outward appearance:
   • The passage does not explicitly mention that work and other activities should be valued over outward appearance. However, the focus on curbing the excessive fashion craze implies that there should be a shift towards more meaningful pursuits.
   • This option is implied but not directly stated in the passage.
5. Final Answer:
   • The most supported statement by the passage is C. the hoard for fashion should be done away with so as not to let down the constructive development.

The passage highlights how technology contributes to the dignity and value of human labor and how in an industrial society, individuals are valued based on their productivity rather than their caste or religion. Here's the analysis of the options based on the passage:

1. Option A - technology decides individual's social status:
   • The passage emphasizes the role of individual productivity in determining social status, rather than technology itself. While technology contributes to productivity, it does not directly decide an individual's social status.
   • This option is not fully supported by the passage.
2. Option B - castes and religions are man-made:
   • The passage does not discuss the origins of caste and religion. Instead, it focuses on how industrial society disregards these divisions in favor of valuing individual productivity.
   • This option is not directly supported by the passage.
3. Option C - human labour has dignity and value:
   • The passage explicitly mentions that one of the important humanitarian by-products of technology is the greater dignity and value it imparts to human labor.
   • This option is strongly supported by the passage.
4. Option D - all individuals, irrespective of caste and creed, are born equal:
   • The passage does not discuss whether individuals are born equal, but it highlights that in an industrial society, social status is determined by individual productivity, irrespective of caste or creed.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
5. Option E - industrial society is a great leveller of men:
   • The passage supports this idea by stating that in an industrial society, individuals are valued based on their productivity rather than their caste or religion. This suggests that industrial society acts as a leveller.
   • This option is strongly supported by the passage.
6. Final Answer:
   • The most supported statement by the passage is E. industrial society is a great leveller of men.

The passage highlights the importance of women in India, emphasizing that educating women is essential for the progress of the nation. Here's the analysis of the options based on the passage:

1. Option A - India is striving hard for the emancipation of women:
   • The passage does not directly discuss India's efforts towards the emancipation of women, but it highlights the potential of women if they are given the right opportunities. While the passage focuses on the future and hope for women, it does not specifically mention the efforts being made for their emancipation.
   • This option is not fully supported by the passage.
2. Option B - all women should be well educated:
   • The passage stresses the importance of educating women, but it does not explicitly say that "all women should be well educated." It refers to the potential of women contributing to the nation if educated, but it does not address the education of all women specifically.
   • This option is partially supported but not directly stated in the passage.
3. Option C - a nation can progress only when women are given equal rights and opportunities as men:
   • The passage implies that women are essential for the nation's progress by highlighting their contribution as 50% of the population, but it does not explicitly discuss equal rights or opportunities. It focuses on the potential contribution of women through education.
   • This option is partially aligned with the passage, but the focus is more on education rather than equal rights or opportunities.
4. Option D - women ought to be imparted full freedom to prove their worth and contribute to the progress of the nation:
   • The passage emphasizes the importance of educating women and acknowledges their potential contributions to the nation's progress. While it talks about rising to the occasion and justifying abilities, it doesn't specifically mention "full freedom" as the key factor. However, the idea of enabling women to prove their worth aligns well with the passage's theme.
   • This option is closely supported by the passage, though it does not mention "full freedom" directly.
5. Final Answer:
   • The most supported statement by the passage is D. women ought to be imparted full freedom to prove their worth and contribute to the progress of the nation.

The passage discusses the prevention of industrial accidents, emphasizing the use of safety devices, proper training in safety rules for mechanics, and adequate lighting in the plant. Here's the analysis of the options based on the passage:

1. Option A - are always avoidable:
   • The passage does not claim that industrial accidents are always avoidable. It discusses preventive measures to reduce accidents, but does not state that all accidents can be avoided under any circumstances.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
2. Option B - may be due to ignorance:
   • The passage suggests that mechanics must be instructed in safety rules, implying that ignorance of these rules may lead to accidents. This aligns well with the idea that accidents may occur due to lack of knowledge or awareness.
   • This option is strongly supported by the passage.
3. Option C - cannot be entirely overcome:
   • The passage does not explicitly state that accidents cannot be entirely overcome. It focuses on the prevention of accidents through safety measures, implying that prevention efforts can reduce accidents but does not rule out complete elimination.
   • This option is not fully supported by the passage.
4. Option D - can be eliminated with the help of safety rules:
   • The passage does emphasize the importance of safety rules in preventing accidents, but it does not claim that accidents can be completely eliminated. It talks about reducing accidents through safety measures, not total elimination.
   • This option is partially supported but not fully aligned with the passage.
5. Option E - usually result from inadequate machinery:
   • The passage does not mention that accidents are usually due to inadequate machinery. It discusses safety measures such as safety devices, rules, and lighting, but does not focus on machinery as the primary cause of accidents.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
6. Final Answer:
   • The most supported statement by the passage is B. may be due to ignorance.

The passage discusses the concept of forgiveness, presenting it as a sign of strength rather than weakness. It contrasts forgiveness with vengeance, highlighting the difficulty in restraining natural passions such as resentment and hate. Here's the analysis of the options based on the passage:

1. Option A - the sufferer alone knows the intensity of his sufferings:
   • The passage does not focus on the intensity of the sufferer's suffering. Instead, it emphasizes the strength required to forgive and control negative emotions like resentment and hate. There is no direct reference to the sufferer?s understanding of their own suffering.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
2. Option B - people tend to forgive the things happened in the past:
   • The passage does not discuss people forgiving past wrongs in general. It talks about the strength involved in forgiving an injury and restraining negative emotions like resentment, but does not focus on the forgiveness of past events in a broad sense.
   • This option is not directly supported by the passage.
3. Option C - natural passions are difficult to suppress:
   • The passage mentions that it is easy to be carried away by resentment and hate and that it requires strong character to restrain these natural passions. This directly supports the idea that natural passions are difficult to suppress.
   • This option is strongly supported by the passage.
4. Option D - mercy is the noblest form of revenge:
   • The passage does not discuss mercy as a form of revenge. Instead, it focuses on forgiveness as a sign of strength and self-restraint, contrasting it with vengeance, but it does not frame forgiveness as revenge.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
5. Option E - a person with calm and composed nature has depth of thought and vision:
   • The passage does not explicitly discuss a person?s calm and composed nature in relation to depth of thought and vision. While it talks about strength of character in forgiving, it does not focus on the specific qualities of being calm and composed in the broader sense.
   • This option is not directly supported by the passage.
6. Final Answer:
   • The most supported statement by the passage is C. natural passions are difficult to suppress.

The passage discusses the role of the school in transferring tradition and education, noting that this function has become even more crucial today due to the weakening of the family as the primary bearer of tradition because of modern economic development. Here's the analysis of the options based on the passage:

1. Option A - there are means other than the school:
   • The passage emphasizes that the school is the most important means of transferring tradition, and it does not suggest that other means are more important than the school. It mentions that the family has become weaker as a bearer of tradition, but it focuses on the role of the school.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
2. Option B - several different sources must be tried:
   • The passage does not discuss the need for multiple sources to transfer tradition. It highlights the school as the primary institution for this purpose, especially in light of the weakening of the family?s role.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
3. Option C - economic development plays a crucial role:
   • The passage mentions that due to modern economic development, the family as a bearer of tradition has weakened. While economic development is mentioned, the focus is more on the resulting weakening of the family, not the role of economic development itself.
   • This option is partially related but not fully supported by the passage.
4. Option D - modern technology must be put to use:
   • The passage does not discuss the use of modern technology in transferring tradition. It focuses on the school as the key institution and the weakening of the family?s role due to economic development.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
5. Option E - family, as ever, is the most potent means:
   • The passage explicitly states that the family has become weakened as a bearer of tradition due to modern economic development. Therefore, the family is no longer seen as the most potent means for transferring tradition.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
6. Final Answer:
   • The best supported statement by the passage is C. economic development plays a crucial role.

The passage discusses Emerson's view of the poet's imagination and how seemingly impossible dreams, such as flight, eventually become a reality. The passage highlights the achievements in the field of flight, particularly the unexpected leap from aeroplanes to outer space. Here's the analysis of the options based on the passage:

1. Option A - seemingly impossible imaginations make one a good poet:
   • The passage mentions the poet's imagination and how it makes them "master of land, sea, and air." However, it does not directly suggest that being able to imagine impossible things makes one a good poet. The focus is on how these dreams become reality, not just the imagination itself.
   • This option is partially supported but not fully aligned with the passage's emphasis on turning imagination into reality.
2. Option B - all imaginations become a reality some day:
   • The passage does suggest that imaginative ideas eventually turn into reality, but it focuses more on the progression from dream to achievement, rather than asserting that all imaginations become reality.
   • This option is partially supported but does not fully capture the passage's nuance of effort and development in transforming imagination into reality.
3. Option C - what man imagined has never been impossible; he has always turned it a reality through his conception of ideas and sheer hard labour:
   • The passage supports this idea to some extent, highlighting how what once seemed like impossible dreams, such as flight and space exploration, have been realized through effort and innovation. It emphasizes how dreams of yesterday become achievements of today, suggesting that through ideas and hard work, the seemingly impossible becomes possible.
   • This option is strongly supported by the passage.
4. Option D - man has reached the climax of technological development with his exploration into outer space:
   • The passage does mention outer space exploration, but it does not imply that this marks the climax of technological development. It focuses more on how ideas evolve from imagination to reality, without claiming that the exploration of outer space is the pinnacle of progress.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
5. Final Answer:
   • The best supported statement by the passage is C. what man imagined has never been impossible; he has always turned it a reality through his conception of ideas and sheer hard labour.

The passage discusses the relationship between job satisfaction and performance, emphasizing that this relationship is moderated by growth needs. For those with strong growth needs, job satisfaction factors like co-worker satisfaction, promotion opportunities, nature of work, and pay are linked with high performance. However, for those with weak growth needs, no such relationship exists, and satisfaction with promotion opportunities is associated with low performance. Here's the analysis of the options based on the passage:

1. Option A - satisfaction is an inevitable organisational variable:
   • The passage does not describe satisfaction as an inevitable organizational variable. It focuses on how satisfaction factors relate to performance depending on the strength of growth needs.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
2. Option B - job satisfaction and performance are directly and closely related:
   • The passage does not claim a direct and close relationship between job satisfaction and performance universally. Instead, it suggests that the relationship is dependent on growth needs, meaning the relationship is not always direct or closely related.
   • This option is not fully supported by the passage.
3. Option C - relationship between job satisfaction and performance is moderated by growth need:
   • The passage clearly states that the relationship between job satisfaction and performance is moderated by growth needs. It specifically differentiates between those with strong and weak growth needs in how satisfaction relates to performance.
   • This option is strongly supported by the passage.
4. Option D - every organisation has few employees having weak growth need:
   • The passage does not make a statement about the proportion of employees having weak growth needs in every organization. It focuses on the different relationships between job satisfaction and performance based on the strength of growth needs.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
5. Option E - high performance is essential for organisational effectiveness:
   • The passage does not discuss organizational effectiveness or explicitly claim that high performance is essential for it. The focus is on the relationship between job satisfaction and performance moderated by growth needs.
   • This option is not supported by the passage.
6. Final Answer:
   • The best supported statement by the passage is C. relationship between job satisfaction and performance is moderated by growth need.