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- Question
Statements: All myths are fictions. No fiction is novel. All novels are stories.
Conclusions:
- No myth is novel.
- Some fictions are novels.
- Some fictions are myths.
- Some myths are novels.
Options- A. Only either I or II and both III and IV follow
- B. Only either I or IV and II follow
- C. Only either I or IV and both II and III follow
- D. All follow
- E. None of these
- Correct Answer
- None of these
ExplanationIII is the converse of first premise and so it holds.All myths are fictions. No fiction is novel.
Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No myth is novel'. Thus, I follows.
No fiction is novel. All novels are stories.
Since the middle term 'novels' is distributed twice in the premises, the conclusion must be particular. Since one premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative.
So, it follows that 'Some stories are not fictions'.
Hence, only I and III follow.
More questions
- 1. Statement: Due to substantial reduction in fares by different airline services, large number of passengers so far travelling by upper classes in trains have switched over to airline services.
Courses of Action:
- The railways should immediately reduce the fare structure of the upper classes substantially to retain its passengers.
- The railways should reduce the capacity of upper classes in all the trains to avoid loss.
Options- A. Only I follows
- B. Only II follows
- C. Either I or II follows
- D. Neither I nor II follows
- E. Both I and II follow Discuss
Correct Answer: Only I follows
Explanation:
Airlines, being convenient and faster means of transport, people would surely prefer it to the railways if there is a marginal difference between the fares. Hence, a considerable gap between the two fares is a must for the railways. So, course I follows. Following course II would reduce the volume of passengers. Hence, II does not follow.- 2. Statements: Jade plant has thick leaves and it requires little water.
Conclusions:
- All plants with thick leaves require little water.
- Jade plants may be grown in places where water is not in abundance.
Options- A. Only conclusion I follows
- B. Only conclusion II follows
- C. Either I or II follows
- D. Neither I nor II follows
- E. Both I and II follow Discuss
Correct Answer: Only conclusion II follows
Explanation:
The statement talks of jade plants only and not 'all plants with thick leaves'. So, I does not follow. Also, since jade plants require little water, so they can be grown in places where water is not in abundance. So, II follows.- 3. Which word does NOT belong with the others?
Options- A. inch
- B. ounce
- C. centimeter
- D. yard Discuss
Correct Answer: ounce
Explanation:
An ounce measures weight; the other choices measure length.- 4. Statement: Should persons convicted of criminal offences in the past be allowed to contest elections in India?
Arguments:
- No. Such persons cannot serve the cause of the people and country.
- Yes. It is democracy - let people decide whom to vote.
Options- A. Only argument I is strong
- B. Only argument II is strong
- C. Either I or II is strong
- D. Neither I nor II is strong
- E. Both I and II are strong Discuss
Correct Answer: Only argument I is strong
Explanation:
Clearly, persons with criminal background cannot stand to serve as the representatives of the common people. So, they should not be allowed to contest elections. Thus, only argument I holds, while II does not.- 5. Statement: Should the number of holidays of government employees be reduced?
Arguments:
- Yes. Our government employees are having the maximum number of holidays among the countries of the world.
- Yes. It is a sign of British legacy, why should we carry it further?
- Yes. It will speed up work and all the pending jobs can be completed well in time.
- No. Employees must be given ample spare time to spend with their family.
Options- A. Only I and III are strong
- B. Only III is strong
- C. Only I, III and IV are strong
- D. None is strong
- E. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: Only III is strong
Explanation:
Reducing the number of holidays just because no other country gives so many holidays or it is a feature of a certain system which we have renounced, does not seem convincing. So, neither I nor II holds strong. However, this step would surely help to reduce the backlog of pending cases and dispense with the new cases much more quickly than before. So, III holds strong. Even if the holidays are reduced, only the avoidable or seemingly unnecessary ones shall be cut short and the national holidays shall still remain to enjoy. So, IV also does not hold.- 6. Statements:
- All the schools in the area had to be kept closed for most part of the week.
- Many parents have withdrawn their children from the local schools.
Options- A. Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
- B. Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
- C. Both the statements I and II are independent causes
- D. Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes
- E. Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause Discuss
Correct Answer: Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes
Explanation:
Closing the schools for a week and the parents withdrawing their wards from the local schools are independent issues, which must have been triggered by different individual causes.- 7. Statement: The Government of India has set up one-stop facilitation counters manned by trained staff for attending to various needs of the foreign tourists at all the international airports.
Assumptions:
- There is adequate trained staff available to man these counters in shifts.
- The services provided by these counters will help boosting inflow of foreign tourists.
- Majority of the foreign tourists need variety of services when they reach India.
Options- A. Only I and II are implicit
- B. Only III is implicit
- C. Only II and III are implicit
- D. All are implicit
- E. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: All are implicit
Explanation:
Since the Government has already set up such counters, it implies that they have adequate staff to handle the same. So, I is implicit. Besides, such counters have been set up to make the foreign tourists feel at home when they visit our country. So, this will surely be an advantage to foreign tourists. This also implies that foreign tourists do need such services. Hence, both II and III are also implicit.- 8. Statements: Some kings are queens. All queens are beautiful.
Conclusions:
- All kings are beautiful.
- All queens are kings.
Options- A. Only conclusion I follows
- B. Only conclusion II follows
- C. Either I or II follows
- D. Neither I nor II follows
- E. Both I and II follow Discuss
Correct Answer: Neither I nor II follows
Explanation:
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular. So, neither I nor II follows.- 9. PHOBIC : FEARFUL
Options- A. finicky : thoughtful
- B. cautious : emotional
- C. envious : desiring
- D. shy : familiar
- E. asinine : silly Discuss
Correct Answer: asinine : silly
Explanation:
To be phobic is to be extremely fearful; to be asinine is to be extremely silly.- 10. Statement: There are more than 200 villages in the hill area of Uttar Pradesh which are severely damaged due to cyclone and it causes an extra burden of Rs 200 crore on State Government for relief and rehabilitation work.
Courses of Action:
- People of hill area should be shifted to other safer places.
- State Government should ask more financial support from Central Government.
- Government should levy relief tax to the corporate sector to ease the additional burden.
Options- A. None follows
- B. Only I and II follow
- C. Only II and III follow
- D. Only I and III follow
- E. None of these Discuss
Correct Answer: None of these
Explanation:
Since severe damage has been caused by cyclone, people in affected villages ought to be shifted to safer places. Also, since relief work entails huge amounts, the State Government needs to pool up funds by either of the ways given in II and III. So, I and either II or III follow.
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- 1. Statement: Due to substantial reduction in fares by different airline services, large number of passengers so far travelling by upper classes in trains have switched over to airline services.
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