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Home Biochemistry Cell Signalling and Transduction Comments

  • Question
  • Which of the following is true about a hydrophilic signaling molecule?


  • Options
  • A. Its receptor is located in the cytosol of the target cell
  • B. It might trigger a signal cascade that causes some effect in a cell
  • C. Since it can enter the cell, it directly affects some specific cell process
  • D. It is a steroid

  • Correct Answer
  • It might trigger a signal cascade that causes some effect in a cell 


  • Cell Signalling and Transduction problems


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    • 1. If a disease of the blood vessels caused the endothelial cells of the vessel to die, what effect would that have on the cellular activities associated with vasodilation?

    • Options
    • A. Nitric oxide would no longer be produced
    • B. Smooth muscle cells could not be made to relax
    • C. It would be more difficult to increase blood flow and reduce blood pressure
    • D. All of the above
    • Discuss
    • 2. What is the name of the protein signaling molecule that alters glucose uptake, and where would its receptors be located?

    • Options
    • A. Insulin; many different cell types that use glucose for fuel
    • B. Insulin; beta cells of the pancreas
    • C. PDGF; the blood
    • D. NGF; the nerves involved in simple reflexes
    • Discuss
    • 3. DiGeorge's syndrome is characterized by the lack of a thymus The mouse model closest to this human disease would be a

    • Options
    • A. knock-out mouse for RAG-1 and RAG-2
    • B. knock-out mouse for a thymus
    • C. nude mouse
    • D. recombinant mouse for CD3
    • Discuss
    • 4. Retinoblastoma is due to a mutation in a

    • Options
    • A. kinase
    • B. tumor supressor
    • C. cyclin
    • D. viral gene
    • Discuss
    • 5. Infants are most susceptible to bacterial infection due to low circulating levels of IgG

    • Options
    • A. in utero (before birth)
    • B. at 0-3 months of age
    • C. at 3-12 months of age
    • D. at 12-24 months of age
    • Discuss
    • 6. Why is it that inhaling nitric oxide reduces blood pressure only in the lung tissue and not elsewhere in the body*?

    • Options
    • A. Because other body tissues use a different signaling molecule
    • B. Because nitric oxide cannot cross cell membranes and enter the blood
    • C. Because nitric oxide breaks down quickly and thus cannot travel far
    • D. None of the above
    • Discuss
    • 7. SH2 domains specifically bind to

    • Options
    • A. phosphorylated serine residues
    • B. phosphorylated tyrosine residues
    • C. GDP
    • D. Ca2+
    • Discuss
    • 8. Which of the following is a second messenger?

    • Options
    • A. lnositol 1,4,5-triphosphate
    • B. Diacyl glycerol
    • C. Phospholipase C
    • D. Both (a) and (b)
    • Discuss
    • 9. The hormone or ligand can be considered as

    • Options
    • A. first messenger
    • B. second messenger
    • C. both (a) and (b)
    • D. none of these
    • Discuss
    • 10. Cell signaling can be classified into

    • Options
    • A. three distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act
    • B. two distinct types based on the distance over which the signaling molecules act
    • C. three distinct types based on the signaling molecules
    • D. none of the above
    • Discuss


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