What does the command o/r 0x2142 provide?

The best answer is show version, which shows you the IOS file running currently on your router. The show flash command shows you the contents of flash memory, not which file is running.

First, if you have two hosts directly connected, as shown in the graphic, then you need a crossover cable. A straight-through cable won't work. Second, the hosts have different masks, which puts them in different subnets. The easy solution is just to set both masks to 255.255.255.0 (/24).

A /30, regardless of the class of address, has a 252 in the fourth octet. This means we have a block size of 4 and our subnets are 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, etc. Address 14 is obviously in the 12 subnet.

A /28 is a 255.255.255.240 mask. The first subnet is 16 (remember that the question stated not to use subnet zero) and the next subnet is 32, so our broadcast address is 31. This makes our host range 17-30. 30 is the last valid host.

A point-to-point link uses only two hosts. A /30, or 255.255.255.252, mask provides two hosts per subnet.

The command copy tftp flash will allow you to copy a new IOS into flash memory on your router.

The show flash command will provide you with the current IOS name and size and the size of flash memory.

The command traceroute (trace for short), which can be issued from user mode or privileged mode, is used to find the path a packet takes through an internetwork and will also show you where the packet stops because of an error on a router.

Since the configuration looks correct, you probably didn't screw up the copy job. However, when you perform a copy from a network host to a router, the interfaces are automatically shut down and need to be manually enabled with the no shutdown command.

To keep open one or more Telnet sessions, use the Ctrl+Shift+6 and then X keystroke combination.